Gastritis - Revision history

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2025-04-07T02:15:42Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:15, 7 April 2025
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			{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Gastritis
			\| image = [[File:Gastritis_helicobacter_-_intermed_mag.jpg\|alt=Micrograph of gastritis showing H. pylori]]
			\| caption = Micrograph of gastritis showing ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''
			\| field = [[Gastroenterology]]
			\| symptoms = [[Abdominal pain]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[bloating]], [[loss of appetite]]
			\| complications = [[Peptic ulcer]], [[stomach cancer]], [[pernicious anemia]]
			\| onset = Sudden (acute) or gradual (chronic)
			\| duration = Short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic)
			\| causes = ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' infection, [[NSAIDs]], [[alcohol]], [[autoimmune disorders]]
			\| risks = [[Smoking]], [[stress]], [[dietary factors]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Endoscopy]], [[biopsy]], [[urea breath test]], [[stool antigen test]]
			\| differential = [[Peptic ulcer disease]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[pancreatitis]]
			\| treatment = [[Antibiotics]], [[proton pump inhibitors]], [[H2 receptor antagonists]], [[antacids]]
			\| medication = [[Amoxicillin]], [[clarithromycin]], [[omeprazole]], [[ranitidine]]
			\| frequency = Common
			\| deaths = Rare
			}}
	'''Gastritis''' is a medical condition characterized by inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the [[stomach]]. It can occur suddenly (acute gastritis) or gradually (chronic gastritis). Gastritis is a common condition that can be caused by various factors, including infections, excessive alcohol consumption, long-term use of certain medications, and autoimmune disorders.		'''Gastritis''' is a medical condition characterized by inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the [[stomach]]. It can occur suddenly (acute gastritis) or gradually (chronic gastritis). Gastritis is a common condition that can be caused by various factors, including infections, excessive alcohol consumption, long-term use of certain medications, and autoimmune disorders.
			[[File:Gastritis erosiva.2278.jpg\|Gastritis erosiva\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Gastritis erosiva.2278.jpg\|Gastritis erosiva\|thumb]]

	== Signs and symptoms ==		== Signs and symptoms ==
	Gastritis symptoms can vary from person to person and may be mild or severe. Some common signs and symptoms include:		Gastritis symptoms can vary from person to person and may be mild or severe. Some common signs and symptoms include:
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	* Feeling full after eating only a small amount		* Feeling full after eating only a small amount
	In some cases, gastritis may be asymptomatic, meaning that an individual does not experience any noticeable symptoms.		In some cases, gastritis may be asymptomatic, meaning that an individual does not experience any noticeable symptoms.
	[[File:Gastritis helicobacter - high mag.jpg\|thumb\|Gastritis helicobacter - high mag]]		[[File:Gastritis helicobacter - high mag.jpg\|left\|thumb\|Gastritis helicobacter - high mag]]
	== Causes ==		== Causes ==
	There are several factors that can contribute to the development of gastritis, including:		There are several factors that can contribute to the development of gastritis, including:

	* Infection: The most common cause of gastritis is infection with the bacterium ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''. This bacterium weakens the protective mucus lining of the stomach, making it more susceptible to irritation and inflammation.		* Infection: The most common cause of gastritis is infection with the bacterium ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''. This bacterium weakens the protective mucus lining of the stomach, making it more susceptible to irritation and inflammation.
	* Medications: Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can cause gastritis by irritating the stomach lining.		* Medications: Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can cause gastritis by irritating the stomach lining.
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	* Autoimmune disorders: In autoimmune gastritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the cells of the stomach lining, leading to inflammation and damage.		* Autoimmune disorders: In autoimmune gastritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the cells of the stomach lining, leading to inflammation and damage.
	* Stress: Severe stress, such as that caused by major surgery, severe burns, or critical illness, can lead to a specific type of gastritis known as stress gastritis.		* Stress: Severe stress, such as that caused by major surgery, severe burns, or critical illness, can lead to a specific type of gastritis known as stress gastritis.

	== Diagnosis ==		== Diagnosis ==
	Gastritis is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Some common diagnostic tests for gastritis include:		Gastritis is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Some common diagnostic tests for gastritis include:
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	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==
	Treatment for gastritis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. Some common treatment options include:		Treatment for gastritis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. Some common treatment options include:

	* Medications to reduce stomach acid: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2 blockers, and antacids can help relieve gastritis symptoms by reducing the production of stomach acid.		* Medications to reduce stomach acid: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2 blockers, and antacids can help relieve gastritis symptoms by reducing the production of stomach acid.
	* Antibiotics: If ''Helicobacter pylori'' infection is the cause of gastritis, a course of antibiotics may be prescribed to eradicate the bacteria.		* Antibiotics: If ''Helicobacter pylori'' infection is the cause of gastritis, a course of antibiotics may be prescribed to eradicate the bacteria.
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	* Lifestyle changes: Modifications such as avoiding spicy foods, limiting alcohol consumption, and managing stress can help prevent and		* Lifestyle changes: Modifications such as avoiding spicy foods, limiting alcohol consumption, and managing stress can help prevent and
	* manage gastritis symptoms.		* manage gastritis symptoms.

	== Prevention ==		== Prevention ==
	To prevent or reduce the risk of developing gastritis, individuals can take the following measures:		To prevent or reduce the risk of developing gastritis, individuals can take the following measures:
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	* Use pain relievers cautiously: If possible, avoid long-term use of NSAIDs, and opt for alternative pain relievers when appropriate. If NSAIDs are necessary, talk to your healthcare provider about taking them with a PPI or H2 blocker to protect your stomach.		* Use pain relievers cautiously: If possible, avoid long-term use of NSAIDs, and opt for alternative pain relievers when appropriate. If NSAIDs are necessary, talk to your healthcare provider about taking them with a PPI or H2 blocker to protect your stomach.
	* Manage stress: Implementing stress reduction techniques, such as meditation, yoga, or exercise, can help lower the risk of stress-related gastritis.		* Manage stress: Implementing stress reduction techniques, such as meditation, yoga, or exercise, can help lower the risk of stress-related gastritis.

	== See also ==		== See also ==
	* [[Peptic ulcer disease]]		* [[Peptic ulcer disease]]
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	* [[Stomach cancer]]		* [[Stomach cancer]]
	* [[Helicobacter pylori]]		* [[Helicobacter pylori]]

	== References ==		== References ==
	* Suerbaum, S., & Michetti, P. (2002). ''Helicobacter pylori'' infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(15), 1175-1186.		* Suerbaum, S., & Michetti, P. (2002). ''Helicobacter pylori'' infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(15), 1175-1186.
	* Leontiadis, G. I., Sharma, V. K., & Howden, C. W. (2007). Systematic review and meta-analysis: enhanced efficacy of proton-pump inhibitor therapy for peptic ulcer bleeding in Asia - a post hoc analysis from the Cochrane Collaboration. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 25(5), 551-556.		* Leontiadis, G. I., Sharma, V. K., & Howden, C. W. (2007). Systematic review and meta-analysis: enhanced efficacy of proton-pump inhibitor therapy for peptic ulcer bleeding in Asia - a post hoc analysis from the Cochrane Collaboration. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 25(5), 551-556.
	* Stanghellini, V. (2008). Three-month prevalence rates of gastrointestinal symptoms and the influence of demographic factors: results from the Domestic/International Gastroenterology Surveillance Study (DIGEST). Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 34(sup221), 20-28.		* Stanghellini, V. (2008). Three-month prevalence rates of gastrointestinal symptoms and the influence of demographic factors: results from the Domestic/International Gastroenterology Surveillance Study (DIGEST). Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 34(sup221), 20-28.

	== External links ==		== External links ==
	* [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355807 Mayo Clinic - Gastritis]		* [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355807 Mayo Clinic - Gastritis]

Prab at 11:19, 4 April 2023

2023-04-04T11:19:42Z

New page

'''Gastritis''' is a medical condition characterized by inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the [[stomach]]. It can occur suddenly (acute gastritis) or gradually (chronic gastritis). Gastritis is a common condition that can be caused by various factors, including infections, excessive alcohol consumption, long-term use of certain medications, and autoimmune disorders.

[[File:Gastritis erosiva.2278.jpg|Gastritis erosiva|thumb]]

== Signs and symptoms ==
Gastritis symptoms can vary from person to person and may be mild or severe. Some common signs and symptoms include:
* Upper abdominal pain or discomfort
* Nausea
* Vomiting
* Bloating
* Loss of appetite
* Indigestion
* Feeling full after eating only a small amount
In some cases, gastritis may be asymptomatic, meaning that an individual does not experience any noticeable symptoms.
[[File:Gastritis helicobacter - high mag.jpg|thumb|Gastritis helicobacter - high mag]]
== Causes ==
There are several factors that can contribute to the development of gastritis, including:

* Infection: The most common cause of gastritis is infection with the bacterium ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''. This bacterium weakens the protective mucus lining of the stomach, making it more susceptible to irritation and inflammation.
* Medications: Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, can cause gastritis by irritating the stomach lining.
* Alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption can damage the stomach lining, leading to gastritis.
* Autoimmune disorders: In autoimmune gastritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the cells of the stomach lining, leading to inflammation and damage.
* Stress: Severe stress, such as that caused by major surgery, severe burns, or critical illness, can lead to a specific type of gastritis known as stress gastritis.

== Diagnosis ==
Gastritis is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Some common diagnostic tests for gastritis include:
* [[Upper endoscopy]]: A procedure in which a flexible tube with a camera is inserted through the mouth and into the stomach, allowing the doctor to visualize the stomach lining.
* [[Biopsy]]: During an upper endoscopy, a small tissue sample may be taken from the stomach lining for further examination under a microscope.
* Blood tests: Blood tests can help detect the presence of ''Helicobacter pylori'' or assess the levels of certain substances, such as gastrin, that may indicate autoimmune gastritis.
* Stool tests: These tests can help detect the presence of ''Helicobacter pylori'' in the feces.
== Treatment ==
Treatment for gastritis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. Some common treatment options include:

* Medications to reduce stomach acid: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2 blockers, and antacids can help relieve gastritis symptoms by reducing the production of stomach acid.
* Antibiotics: If ''Helicobacter pylori'' infection is the cause of gastritis, a course of antibiotics may be prescribed to eradicate the bacteria.
* Discontinuing NSAIDs: If long-term use of NSAIDs is the cause of gastritis, stopping or reducing the use of these medications can help alleviate symptoms.
* Lifestyle changes: Modifications such as avoiding spicy foods, limiting alcohol consumption, and managing stress can help prevent and
* manage gastritis symptoms.

== Prevention ==
To prevent or reduce the risk of developing gastritis, individuals can take the following measures:
* Practice good hygiene: Washing hands frequently and maintaining proper food handling practices can help prevent ''Helicobacter pylori'' infection.
* Limit alcohol consumption: Drinking alcohol in moderation or abstaining from alcohol can help protect the stomach lining.
* Use pain relievers cautiously: If possible, avoid long-term use of NSAIDs, and opt for alternative pain relievers when appropriate. If NSAIDs are necessary, talk to your healthcare provider about taking them with a PPI or H2 blocker to protect your stomach.
* Manage stress: Implementing stress reduction techniques, such as meditation, yoga, or exercise, can help lower the risk of stress-related gastritis.

== See also ==
* [[Peptic ulcer disease]]
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
* [[Stomach cancer]]
* [[Helicobacter pylori]]

== References ==
* Suerbaum, S., & Michetti, P. (2002). ''Helicobacter pylori'' infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(15), 1175-1186.
* Leontiadis, G. I., Sharma, V. K., & Howden, C. W. (2007). Systematic review and meta-analysis: enhanced efficacy of proton-pump inhibitor therapy for peptic ulcer bleeding in Asia - a post hoc analysis from the Cochrane Collaboration. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 25(5), 551-556.
* Stanghellini, V. (2008). Three-month prevalence rates of gastrointestinal symptoms and the influence of demographic factors: results from the Domestic/International Gastroenterology Surveillance Study (DIGEST). Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 34(sup221), 20-28.

== External links ==
* [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355807 Mayo Clinic - Gastritis]
* [https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-gastritis WebMD - Gastritis]
[[Category:Gastrointestinal diseases]]
[[Category:Inflammation]]
[[Category:Stomach disorders]]
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