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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[file:Vesnuschki.jpg|thumb|Vesnuschki]] [[file:Freckled.jpg|thumb|Freckled|left]] [[file:FrecklesAfterSummertime.jpg|thumb|FrecklesAfterSummertime]] {{Short description|Small, concentrated spots of melanin on human skin}}<br />
{{Infobox medical condition (new)<br />
| name = Freckle<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| field = [[Dermatology]]<br />
| synonyms = Ephelis<br />
| symptoms = Small, concentrated spots of melanin<br />
| complications = None<br />
| onset = Childhood<br />
| duration = Lifelong<br />
| causes = [[Genetics]], [[Sun exposure]]<br />
| risks = Fair skin, [[Red hair]]<br />
| diagnosis = Visual inspection<br />
| differential = [[Lentigo]], [[Melanoma]]<br />
| prevention = [[Sun protection]]<br />
| treatment = [[Laser therapy]], [[Topical creams]]<br />
| prognosis = Good<br />
| frequency = Common<br />
}}<br />
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'''Freckles''' are small, concentrated spots of [[melanin]] on human skin. They are also known as '''ephelides''' (singular: ephelis). Freckles are typically found on individuals with a fair complexion and are more common in people with [[red hair]]. They are usually visible on areas of the skin that are frequently exposed to the [[sun]], such as the face, arms, and shoulders.<br />
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== Causes ==<br />
Freckles are primarily caused by a combination of [[genetics]] and [[sun exposure]]. The [[MC1R]] gene is often associated with the development of freckles. When skin is exposed to [[ultraviolet (UV) radiation]], it triggers the production of melanin, which can lead to the formation of freckles.<br />
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== Symptoms ==<br />
Freckles appear as small, flat, and circular spots that are usually tan or light brown. They can vary in size and number and are most commonly found on sun-exposed areas of the skin.<br />
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== Diagnosis ==<br />
Freckles are typically diagnosed through visual inspection by a [[dermatologist]]. They are distinguished from other skin conditions such as [[lentigo]] and [[melanoma]] by their appearance and distribution.<br />
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== Treatment ==<br />
While freckles are harmless and do not require treatment, some individuals may seek cosmetic treatments to reduce their appearance. Common treatments include:<br />
* [[Laser therapy]]<br />
* [[Topical creams]] containing [[hydroquinone]] or [[retinoids]]<br />
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== Prevention ==<br />
Preventing freckles involves minimizing sun exposure and protecting the skin from UV radiation. Recommended preventive measures include:<br />
* Using [[sunscreen]] with a high [[SPF]]<br />
* Wearing protective clothing and hats<br />
* Avoiding peak sun hours<br />
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== Related Conditions ==<br />
* [[Lentigo]]<br />
* [[Melanoma]]<br />
* [[Sunburn]]<br />
* [[Skin cancer]]<br />
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== See Also ==<br />
* [[Dermatology]]<br />
* [[Melanin]]<br />
* [[Sun protection]]<br />
* [[Skin pigmentation]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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== External Links ==<br />
{{Commons category|Freckles}}<br />
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[[Category:Dermatology]]<br />
[[Category:Skin conditions resulting from physical factors]]<br />
[[Category:Genetic disorders]]<br />
[[Category:Sun tanning]]<br />
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