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			== Flocculation ==
			<gallery>
			File:Flocculation_settling_time_edited_0.webm\|Flocculation settling time
			File:The_coagulation_and_filtration_processes_at_a_drinking_water_treatment_plant._(14868618507).jpg\|The coagulation and filtration processes at a drinking water treatment plant
			</gallery>

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2024-02-23T05:04:59Z

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'''Flocculation''' is a process in which [[colloids]] come out of suspension in the form of floc or flake, either spontaneously or due to the addition of a [[clarifying agent]]. The action differs from [[precipitation]] in that, prior to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended in a liquid and not actually dissolved in a solution. In the flocculated system, there is no formation of a cake, since all the flocs are in the suspension.

==Overview==
Flocculation is used in many applications in the [[chemical industry]], such as in [[water treatment]], to facilitate the removal of suspended solids. It is also used in [[brewing]] to gather the yeast in a [[beer]] brew. In [[soil science]], flocculation is important for the structure of soils and their ability to hold water and air.

==Mechanism==
The process of flocculation is governed by the [[DLVO theory]], which is based on the concept of [[zeta potential]]. The zeta potential is the electric potential at the shear plane, and it can be used to predict and control the stability of colloidal suspensions. When the zeta potential is reduced to a critical level, usually through the addition of a flocculating agent, the attractive forces exceed the repulsive forces, and the colloids come together to form flocs.

==Applications==
===Water Treatment===
In water treatment, flocculation is a major step that involves the addition of a [[flocculant]] to promote the formation of flocs. These flocs are then removed from the water by [[sedimentation]] and [[filtration]].

===Brewing===
In brewing, flocculation has to do with the yeast. The yeast used in brewing tends to flocculate, or clump together, at the end of fermentation. This is a desirable characteristic as it makes the yeast easier to remove.

===Soil Science===
In soil science, flocculation is important for the structure of soils. Flocculation causes the clay particles to stick together, which improves the soil structure and its ability to hold water and air.

==See Also==
* [[Coagulation (disambiguation)]]
* [[Sedimentation (water treatment)]]
* [[Filtration]]
* [[Soil structure]]

[[Category:Chemical processes]]
[[Category:Colloidal chemistry]]
[[Category:Water treatment]]
[[Category:Brewing]]
[[Category:Soil science]]

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Flocculation - Revision history

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