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<p>CSV import</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:Exergonic_Reaction.svg|thumb|Exergonic_Reaction.svg]] &#039;&#039;&#039;Exergonic reaction&#039;&#039;&#039;<br /> <br /> An &#039;&#039;&#039;exergonic reaction&#039;&#039;&#039; is a type of [[chemical reaction]] where the change in the [[Gibbs free energy]] (ΔG) is negative, indicating that the reaction releases energy to its surroundings. This release of energy can be in the form of [[heat]], [[light]], or other forms of energy. Exergonic reactions are spontaneous, meaning they can occur without the input of additional energy.<br /> <br /> == Thermodynamics ==<br /> In thermodynamic terms, an exergonic reaction is characterized by a decrease in the Gibbs free energy of the system. The equation for Gibbs free energy is:<br /> <br /> ΔG = ΔH - TΔS<br /> <br /> where:<br /> * ΔG is the change in Gibbs free energy,<br /> * ΔH is the change in [[enthalpy]],<br /> * T is the [[temperature]] in [[Kelvin]],<br /> * ΔS is the change in [[entropy]].<br /> <br /> For an exergonic reaction, ΔG &lt; 0, which means the reaction is thermodynamically favorable.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> Common examples of exergonic reactions include:<br /> * [[Cellular respiration]]: The process by which cells convert [[glucose]] and [[oxygen]] into [[carbon dioxide]], [[water]], and energy.<br /> * [[Combustion]]: The burning of fuels such as [[wood]], [[coal]], and [[gasoline]] to produce heat and light.<br /> * [[ATP hydrolysis]]: The breakdown of [[adenosine triphosphate]] (ATP) into [[adenosine diphosphate]] (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate, releasing energy that is used by cells for various functions.<br /> <br /> == Biological Significance ==<br /> Exergonic reactions play a crucial role in [[biological systems]]. They provide the necessary energy for various cellular processes, including [[metabolism]], [[muscle contraction]], and [[nerve impulse transmission]]. The energy released from exergonic reactions is often harnessed by cells to drive endergonic reactions, which require an input of energy.<br /> <br /> == Comparison with Endergonic Reactions ==<br /> Exergonic reactions are the opposite of [[endergonic reactions]], which have a positive ΔG and are non-spontaneous. Endergonic reactions require an input of energy to proceed. In biological systems, exergonic and endergonic reactions are often coupled together to ensure that the overall process is energetically favorable.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> * [[Endergonic reaction]]<br /> * [[Gibbs free energy]]<br /> * [[Thermodynamics]]<br /> * [[Metabolism]]<br /> * [[ATP]]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> == External Links ==<br /> {{Commons category|Exergonic reactions}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Chemical reactions]]<br /> [[Category:Thermodynamics]]<br /> [[Category:Biochemistry]]<br /> <br /> {{chemistry-stub}}</div>

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