Ethionamide - Revision history

Prab at 13:03, 21 March 2025

2025-03-21T13:03:34Z

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-{{intro}}
+[[File:Ethionamide.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of Ethionamide]]
-Ethionamide is a second line drug in the therapy of [[tuberculosis]] used only in combination with other agents and for drug-resistance [[tuberculosis]]. Ethionamide has been linked to transient, asymptomatic elevations in serum [[aminotransferase]] levels and in uncommon instances of acute [[liver injury]], which can be severe.
+[[File:Ethionamide 3D spacefill.png|thumb|3D space-filling model of Ethionamide]]
-{{moa}}
+'''Ethionamide''' is a second-line [[antibiotic]] used in the treatment of [[tuberculosis]] (TB), particularly in cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). It is not used as monotherapy but rather in combination with other antituberculosis agents to prevent the development of resistance.
-{{tb drugs}}
+== Mechanism of Action ==
-{{coststubd}}
+* The activated form of ethionamide inhibits the enzyme '''enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase''' (InhA), which is essential for mycolic acid synthesis, a key component of the [[mycobacterial cell wall]].
-== Ethionamide ==
+== Indications ==
-<gallery>
+Ethionamide is used in:
-File:Ethionamide.svg|Ethionamide
+* Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): Typically administered in combination with agents such as [[isoniazid]], [[rifampin]], [[ethambutol]], and [[pyrazinamide]]
-File:Ethionamide 3D spacefill.png|Ethionamide 3D Spacefill
+* Cases where first-line agents are contraindicated or ineffective
-</gallery>
+* Lepromatous leprosy: As an adjunctive treatment due to its antimycobacterial properties
-== Ethionamide ==
-<gallery>
+== Dosage and Administration ==
-File:Ethionamide.svg|Ethionamide
+Ethionamide is available in 250 mg oral tablets, marketed under various generic names and the brand name '''Trecator'''.
-File:Ethionamide 3D spacefill.png|Ethionamide 3D Spacefill
-</gallery>
+* Initial dose: 250 mg twice daily

Prab at 20:53, 16 March 2025

2025-03-16T20:53:14Z

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	== Ethionamide ==		== Ethionamide ==
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2025-02-20T01:04:47Z

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			== Ethionamide ==
			<gallery>
			File:Ethionamide.svg\|Ethionamide
			File:Ethionamide 3D spacefill.png\|Ethionamide 3D Spacefill
			</gallery>
	== Ethionamide ==		== Ethionamide ==
	<gallery>		<gallery>

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			== Ethionamide ==
			<gallery>
			File:Ethionamide.svg\|Ethionamide
			File:Ethionamide 3D spacefill.png\|Ethionamide 3D Spacefill
			</gallery>

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2025-02-10T16:50:06Z

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Spt: Created page with "{{intro}} Ethionamide is a second line drug in the therapy of tuberculosis used only in combination with other agents and for drug-resistance tuberculosis. Ethionamide..."

2019-04-29T00:59:59Z

Created page with "{{intro}} Ethionamide is a second line drug in the therapy of tuberculosis used only in combination with other agents and for drug-resistance tuberculosis. Ethionamide..."

New page

{{intro}}
Ethionamide is a second line drug in the therapy of [[tuberculosis]] used only in combination with other agents and for drug-resistance [[tuberculosis]]. Ethionamide has been linked to transient, asymptomatic elevations in serum [[aminotransferase]] levels and in uncommon instances of acute [[liver injury]], which can be severe.

{{moa}}
Ethionamide (eth" eye on' a mide) is a thio-isonicotinamide somewhat similar in structure to isoniazid. Ethionamide is a prodrug and, like isoniazid, requires activation whereupon it inhibits mycobacterial fatty acid synthesis (enoyl-ACP reductase) that is necessary for cell wall synthesis and repair. Interestingly, there is little cross resistance between isoniazid and ethionamide, probably because they are activated by different mycobacterial enzymes, and therefore can be used together. Ethionamide is currently used only as a secondary agent in the treatment of active [[tuberculosis]], always in combination with other [[antituberculosis]] agents such as isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide and/or rifampin and usually for multidrug resistant mycobacterial [[infections]] or in situations where first agents are contraindicated. Ethionamide also has activity against lepromatous leprosy. Ethionamide is available as 250 mg tablets in generic forms and under the brand name Trecator. The typical dose in adults is 250 mg twice daily, but can then be increased gradually to a total dose of 15 to 20 mg/kg per day to a maximum of 1 gram daily. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6: 50 mg daily) is usually administered with ethionamide. Common side effects include [[gastrointestinal upset]], [[nausea]], anorexia, [[diarrhea]], metallic taste, stomatitis, depression, drowsiness and fatigue.

{{tb drugs}}

{{coststubd}}