Erythema multiforme - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

2025-04-06T14:40:07Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:40, 6 April 2025
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			{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Erythema multiforme
			\| image = [[File:Erythema_multiforme_minor_of_the_hand.jpg\|left\|thumb\|Erythema multiforme minor of the hand]]
			\| caption = Erythema multiforme minor of the hand
			\| field = [[Dermatology]]
			\| synonyms =
			\| symptoms = [[Target lesion]], [[rash]], [[itching]], [[fever]], [[malaise]]
			\| complications = [[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]], [[toxic epidermal necrolysis]]
			\| onset = Sudden
			\| duration = 2–4 weeks
			\| causes = [[Infection]], [[medication]]
			\| risks = [[Herpes simplex virus]], [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]], certain [[antibiotics]], [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]], [[skin biopsy]]
			\| differential = [[Urticaria]], [[drug eruption]], [[pityriasis rosea]]
			\| treatment = [[Antihistamines]], [[corticosteroids]], [[antiviral drugs]]
			\| prognosis = Generally good for minor cases
			\| frequency = Rare
			}}
	== '''Alternate names''' ==		== '''Alternate names''' ==
	EM; Erythema polymorphe, erythema multiforme type; Erythema multiforme bullosum; Dermatostomatitis, erythema multiforme type; Febrile mucocutaneous syndrome; Herpes iris, erythema multiforme type		EM; Erythema polymorphe, erythema multiforme type; Erythema multiforme bullosum; Dermatostomatitis, erythema multiforme type; Febrile mucocutaneous syndrome; Herpes iris, erythema multiforme type

	== '''Definition''' ==		== '''Definition''' ==
	Erythema multiforme (EM) refers to a group of hypersensitivity disorders characterized by symmetric red, patchy lesions, primarily on the arms and legs.		Erythema multiforme (EM) refers to a group of hypersensitivity disorders characterized by symmetric red, patchy lesions, primarily on the arms and legs.

	== '''Summary''' ==		== '''Summary''' ==
	A hypersensitivity reaction characterized by the sudden appearance of symmetrical cutaneous and mucocutaneous macular or papular lesions which evolve into lesions with bright red borders (target lesions).		A hypersensitivity reaction characterized by the sudden appearance of symmetrical cutaneous and mucocutaneous macular or papular lesions which evolve into lesions with bright red borders (target lesions).
	The lesions usually appear in the hands, feet, extremities, and face. Symptoms include fever, [[malaise]], sore throat, cough, vomiting, [[diarrhea]], [[arthralgia]], and [[myalgia]].		The lesions usually appear in the hands, feet, extremities, and face. Symptoms include fever, [[malaise]], sore throat, cough, vomiting, [[diarrhea]], [[arthralgia]], and [[myalgia]].
	Causes include infections (most commonly [[herpes simplex virus]]), drugs (e.G., [[Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs)\|sulfonamides]], [[anticonvulsants]], and [[antibiotics]]), malignancies, and collagen vascular disorders.		Causes include infections (most commonly [[herpes simplex virus]]), drugs (e.G., [[Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs)\|sulfonamides]], [[anticonvulsants]], and [[antibiotics]]), malignancies, and collagen vascular disorders.
	[[File:Erythema multiforme EM 02.jpg\|thumb]]		[[File:Erythema multiforme EM 02.jpg\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Bulls eye lesion of Erythema multiforme.jpg\|thumb]]		[[File:Bulls eye lesion of Erythema multiforme.jpg\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Erythema Multiforme target lesions on the leg, Nell Brigham, 2011.jpg\|thumb]]		[[File:Erythema Multiforme target lesions on the leg, Nell Brigham, 2011.jpg\|left\|thumb]]

	== '''Cause''' ==		== '''Cause''' ==
	EM is a type of allergic reaction. In most cases, it occurs in response to an infection. In rare cases, it is caused by certain medicines or body-wide (systemic) illness.		EM is a type of allergic reaction. In most cases, it occurs in response to an infection. In rare cases, it is caused by certain medicines or body-wide (systemic) illness.

	Infections that may lead to EM include:		Infections that may lead to EM include:
	* Viruses, such as herpes simplex that cause cold sores and genital [[herpes]] (most common)		* Viruses, such as herpes simplex that cause cold sores and genital [[herpes]] (most common)
	* Bacteria, such as [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]] that cause lung infection		* Bacteria, such as [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]] that cause lung infection
	* Funguses, such as [[Histoplasma capsulatum]], that cause [[histoplasmosis]]		* Funguses, such as [[Histoplasma capsulatum]], that cause [[histoplasmosis]]

	Medicines that may cause EM include:		Medicines that may cause EM include:
	* [[NSAID\|NSAIDs]]		* [[NSAID\|NSAIDs]]
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	* Certain antibiotics, such as [[sulfonamides]] and aminopenicillins		* Certain antibiotics, such as [[sulfonamides]] and aminopenicillins
	* Anti-seizure medicines		* Anti-seizure medicines

	Systemic illnesses that are associated with EM include:		Systemic illnesses that are associated with EM include:
	* [[Inflammatory bowel disease]], such as [[Crohn disease]]		* [[Inflammatory bowel disease]], such as [[Crohn disease]]
	* [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]		* [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
	EM occurs mostly in adults 20 to 40 years old. People with EM may have family members who have had EM as well.		EM occurs mostly in adults 20 to 40 years old. People with EM may have family members who have had EM as well.

	== '''Forms''' ==		== '''Forms''' ==
	There are two forms of EM:		There are two forms of EM:
	* EM minor usually involves the skin and sometimes mouth sores.		* EM minor usually involves the skin and sometimes mouth sores.
	* EM major often starts with a fever and joint aches. Besides the skin sores and mouth sores, there may be sores in the eyes, genitals, lung airways, or gut.		* EM major often starts with a fever and joint aches. Besides the skin sores and mouth sores, there may be sores in the eyes, genitals, lung airways, or gut.

	== '''Signs and symptoms''' ==		== '''Signs and symptoms''' ==
	Symptoms of EM include:		Symptoms of EM include:
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	* Joint aches		* Joint aches
	* Many skin lesions (sores or abnormal areas)		* Many skin lesions (sores or abnormal areas)

	Skin sores may:		Skin sores may:
	* Start quickly		* Start quickly
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	* Include the face or lips		* Include the face or lips
	* Appear evenly on both sides of the body (symmetrical)		* Appear evenly on both sides of the body (symmetrical)

	Other symptoms may include:		Other symptoms may include:
	* Bloodshot eyes		* Bloodshot eyes
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	* Mouth sores		* Mouth sores
	* Vision problems		* Vision problems

	== '''Diagnosis''' ==		== '''Diagnosis''' ==
	Tests may include:		Tests may include:
	* Skin lesion [[biopsy]]		* Skin lesion [[biopsy]]
	* Examination of skin tissue under a microscope		* Examination of skin tissue under a microscope

	== '''Treatment''' ==		== '''Treatment''' ==
	EM usually goes away on its own with or without treatment.		EM usually goes away on its own with or without treatment.

	Treatment may include:		Treatment may include:
	* Medicines, such as [[antihistamines]], to control itching		* Medicines, such as [[antihistamines]], to control itching
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	* Good hygiene may help prevent secondary infections (infections that occur from treating the first infection).		* Good hygiene may help prevent secondary infections (infections that occur from treating the first infection).
	* Use of sunscreen, protective clothing, and avoiding excessive exposure to sun may prevent the recurrence of EM.		* Use of sunscreen, protective clothing, and avoiding excessive exposure to sun may prevent the recurrence of EM.

	== '''Prognosis''' ==		== '''Prognosis''' ==
	Mild forms of EM usually get better in 2 to 6 weeks, but the problem may return.		Mild forms of EM usually get better in 2 to 6 weeks, but the problem may return.

	== Gallery ==		== Gallery ==
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	~~File:The left arm on the 3rd day after starting erytheme exudativum multiforme.jpg\|The left arm on the 3rd day after starting erythema exudativum multiforme~~
	File:Fox Plate XXXII.jpg\|Fox Plate XXXII		File:Fox Plate XXXII.jpg\|Fox Plate XXXII
	File:Drug eruption3.jpg\|Drug eruption		File:Drug eruption3.jpg\|Drug eruption
	File:EM on legs.jpg\|Erythema multiforme on legs		File:EM on legs.jpg\|Erythema multiforme on legs
	</gallery>		</gallery>

	{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}		{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}
	{{Urticaria and erythema}}		{{Urticaria and erythema}}

	[[Category:Erythemas]]		[[Category:Erythemas]]
	[[Category:Herpes simplex virus-associated diseases]]		[[Category:Herpes simplex virus-associated diseases]]
	{{rarediseases}}		{{rarediseases}}
	{{stub}}		{{stub}}

Prab at 17:09, 9 January 2025

2025-01-09T17:09:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:09, 9 January 2025
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	== '''Prognosis''' ==		== '''Prognosis''' ==
	Mild forms of EM usually get better in 2 to 6 weeks, but the problem may return.		Mild forms of EM usually get better in 2 to 6 weeks, but the problem may return.

			== Gallery ==
			<gallery>
			File:The left arm on the 3rd day after starting erytheme exudativum multiforme.jpg\|The left arm on the 3rd day after starting erythema exudativum multiforme
			File:Fox Plate XXXII.jpg\|Fox Plate XXXII
			File:Drug eruption3.jpg\|Drug eruption
			File:EM on legs.jpg\|Erythema multiforme on legs
			</gallery>

	{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}		{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}

Prab at 17:05, 9 January 2025

2025-01-09T17:05:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:05, 9 January 2025
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	[[File:Bulls eye lesion of Erythema multiforme.jpg\|thumb]]		[[File:Bulls eye lesion of Erythema multiforme.jpg\|thumb]]
	[[File:Erythema Multiforme target lesions on the leg, Nell Brigham, 2011.jpg\|thumb]]		[[File:Erythema Multiforme target lesions on the leg, Nell Brigham, 2011.jpg\|thumb]]

	~~<youtube>~~
	~~title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''~~
	~~movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/=tQNyfUOxLjk~~
	~~embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/=tQNyfUOxLjk~~
	~~&rel=1~~
	~~wrap = yes~~
	~~width=750~~
	~~height=600~~
	~~</youtube>~~

	== '''Cause''' ==		== '''Cause''' ==
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	[[Category:Herpes simplex virus-associated diseases]]		[[Category:Herpes simplex virus-associated diseases]]
	{{rarediseases}}		{{rarediseases}}
	~~{{stub}}~~
	{{stub}}		{{stub}}

Deepika vegiraju at 18:02, 6 May 2021

2021-05-06T18:02:41Z

New page

== '''Alternate names''' ==
EM; Erythema polymorphe, erythema multiforme type; Erythema multiforme bullosum; Dermatostomatitis, erythema multiforme type; Febrile mucocutaneous syndrome; Herpes iris, erythema multiforme type

== '''Definition''' ==
Erythema multiforme (EM) refers to a group of hypersensitivity disorders characterized by symmetric red, patchy lesions, primarily on the arms and legs.

== '''Summary''' ==
A hypersensitivity reaction characterized by the sudden appearance of symmetrical cutaneous and mucocutaneous macular or papular lesions which evolve into lesions with bright red borders (target lesions).
The lesions usually appear in the hands, feet, extremities, and face. Symptoms include fever, [[malaise]], sore throat, cough, vomiting, [[diarrhea]], [[arthralgia]], and [[myalgia]].
Causes include infections (most commonly [[herpes simplex virus]]), drugs (e.G., [[Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs)|sulfonamides]], [[anticonvulsants]], and [[antibiotics]]), malignancies, and collagen vascular disorders.
[[File:Erythema multiforme EM 02.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Bulls eye lesion of Erythema multiforme.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Erythema Multiforme target lesions on the leg, Nell Brigham, 2011.jpg|thumb]]

<youtube>
title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''
movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/=tQNyfUOxLjk
embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/=tQNyfUOxLjk
&rel=1
wrap = yes
width=750
height=600
</youtube>

== '''Cause''' ==
EM is a type of allergic reaction. In most cases, it occurs in response to an infection. In rare cases, it is caused by certain medicines or body-wide (systemic) illness.

Infections that may lead to EM include:
* Viruses, such as herpes simplex that cause cold sores and genital [[herpes]] (most common)
* Bacteria, such as [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]] that cause lung infection
* Funguses, such as [[Histoplasma capsulatum]], that cause [[histoplasmosis]]

Medicines that may cause EM include:
* [[NSAID|NSAIDs]]
* [[Allopurinol]] (treats gout)
* Certain antibiotics, such as [[sulfonamides]] and aminopenicillins
* Anti-seizure medicines

Systemic illnesses that are associated with EM include:
* [[Inflammatory bowel disease]], such as [[Crohn disease]]
* [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
EM occurs mostly in adults 20 to 40 years old. People with EM may have family members who have had EM as well.

== '''Forms''' ==
There are two forms of EM:
* EM minor usually involves the skin and sometimes mouth sores.
* EM major often starts with a fever and joint aches. Besides the skin sores and mouth sores, there may be sores in the eyes, genitals, lung airways, or gut.

== '''Signs and symptoms''' ==
Symptoms of EM include:
* Low-grade fever
* Headache
* Sore throat
* Cough
* Runny nose
* General ill feeling
* Itchy skin
* Joint aches
* Many skin lesions (sores or abnormal areas)

Skin sores may:
* Start quickly
* Come back
* Spread
* Be raised or discolored
* Look like hives
* Have a central sore surrounded by pale red rings, also called a target, iris, or bulls-eye
* Have liquid-filled bumps or blisters of various sizes
* Be located on the upper body, legs, arms, palms, hands, or feet
* Include the face or lips
* Appear evenly on both sides of the body (symmetrical)

Other symptoms may include:
* Bloodshot eyes
* Dry eyes
* Eye burning, itching, and discharge
* Eye pain
* Mouth sores
* Vision problems

== '''Diagnosis''' ==
Tests may include:
* Skin lesion [[biopsy]]
* Examination of skin tissue under a microscope

== '''Treatment''' ==
EM usually goes away on its own with or without treatment.

Treatment may include:
* Medicines, such as [[antihistamines]], to control itching
* Moist compresses applied to the skin
* Pain medicines to reduce fever and discomfort
* Mouthwashes to ease discomfort of mouth sores that interferes with eating and drinking
* [[Antibiotics]] for skin infections
* [[Corticosteroids]] to control inflammation
* Medicines for eye symptoms
* Good hygiene may help prevent secondary infections (infections that occur from treating the first infection).
* Use of sunscreen, protective clothing, and avoiding excessive exposure to sun may prevent the recurrence of EM.

== '''Prognosis''' ==
Mild forms of EM usually get better in 2 to 6 weeks, but the problem may return.

{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}
{{Urticaria and erythema}}

[[Category:Erythemas]]
[[Category:Herpes simplex virus-associated diseases]]
{{rarediseases}}
{{stub}}
{{stub}}