Emphysema - Revision history

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 '''Emphysema''' is a chronic, progressive lung disease characterized by the damage of small air sacs in the lungs called [[alveoli]]. This damage leads to difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, and other respiratory symptoms. Emphysema is a major component of [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD), a group of lung diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems.
 ==Causes==
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 * Wearing protective gear in occupations with exposure to lung irritants
 * Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet
 ==See also==
 * [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD)
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 [[Category:Smoking]]
 [[Category:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]

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	[[Category:Smoking]]		[[Category:Smoking]]
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			== Emphysema ==
			<gallery>
			File:Emphysema,_centrilobular_(4563270814).jpg\|Centrilobular emphysema
			File:Blausen_0343_Emphysema.png\|Diagram of emphysema
			File:Emphysema_H_and_E.jpg\|Histological section of emphysema
			File:Bullus_emphasemaCT.png\|CT scan showing bullous emphysema
			File:Pneumot_rax_bullae.JPG\|Pneumothorax with bullae
			File:Giambattista_morgagni.gif\|Giambattista Morgagni
			</gallery>

Prab at 23:04, 8 May 2023

2023-05-08T23:04:52Z

New page

'''Emphysema''' is a chronic, progressive lung disease characterized by the damage of small air sacs in the lungs called [[alveoli]]. This damage leads to difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, and other respiratory symptoms. Emphysema is a major component of [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD), a group of lung diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems.
==Causes==
The primary cause of emphysema is:
* [[Smoking]] – Long-term smoking is the leading cause of emphysema, as it damages the alveoli and decreases lung function over time.
Other contributing factors include:
* [[Air pollution]] – Long-term exposure to polluted air may contribute to the development of emphysema.
* [[Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]] – A genetic disorder that can cause emphysema, particularly in smokers.
==Symptoms==
Common symptoms of emphysema include:
* Shortness of breath
* Chronic cough
* Fatigue
* Wheezing
* Chest tightness
* Reduced exercise tolerance
* Weight loss
==Diagnosis==
Emphysema is typically diagnosed using the following tests:
* [[Spirometry]] – A non-invasive lung function test that measures the amount and speed of air a person can exhale.
* Chest X-ray – Can show signs of emphysema, such as hyperinflation of the lungs.
* [[Computed tomography]] (CT) scan – A more detailed imaging test that can provide a clearer picture of the lungs and detect early-stage emphysema.
==Treatment==
While emphysema is not curable, treatment can help alleviate symptoms and slow disease progression. Treatment options include:
* [[Smoking cessation]] – Quitting smoking is the most important step in treating emphysema.
* [[Bronchodilator]]s – Medications that relax and open the airways, making it easier to breathe.
* Inhaled corticosteroids – Help reduce inflammation in the airways.
* Oxygen therapy – Supplemental oxygen can be prescribed for those with low blood oxygen levels.
* [[Pulmonary rehabilitation]] – A comprehensive program that includes exercise, education, and support to help improve lung function and overall well-being.
* Lung volume reduction surgery – A surgical procedure that removes damaged lung tissue, allowing the remaining healthy lung tissue to function more efficiently.
* [[Lung transplantation]] – In severe cases, a lung transplant may be considered as a treatment option.
==Prevention==
Prevention strategies for emphysema include:
* Avoiding smoking or quitting if you smoke
* Reducing exposure to air pollution
* Wearing protective gear in occupations with exposure to lung irritants
* Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet
==See also==
* [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD)
* [[Bronchitis]]
* [[Asthma]]
* [[Respiratory system]]
==External links==
* {{MedlinePlus|001283}} – Emphysema (U.S. National Library of Medicine)
* [https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/emphysema American Lung Association] – Emphysema Information and Resources
* [https://www.who.int/health-topics/chronic-respiratory-diseases World Health Organization] – Chronic Respiratory Diseases
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Emphysema}}
[[Category:Respiratory diseases]]
[[Category:Pulmonary disorders]]
[[Category:Smoking]]
[[Category:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]