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-'''Ecosystem''' is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Energy, water, nitrogen and soil minerals are other essential abiotic components of an ecosystem. The energy that flows through ecosystems is obtained primarily from the sun. It generally enters the system through photosynthesis, a process that also captures carbon from the atmosphere. By feeding on plants and on one-another, animals play an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the system. They also influence the quantity of plant and microbial biomass present. By breaking down dead organic material, decomposers release carbon back to the atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrients stored in dead biomass back to a form that can be readily used by plants and other microbes.
+{{Short description|An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system.}}
-==Structure and Function==
+[[File:River gambia Niokolokoba National Park.gif|thumb|A river ecosystem in Niokolokoba National Park]]
-An ecosystem's structure is defined by its living and non-living components, and its function is how these components interact and influence each other. The structure and function of ecosystems can be studied through various scientific disciplines including biology, ecology, and environmental science.
+[[File:Baja California Desert.jpg|thumb|A desert ecosystem in Baja California]]
-==Biotic and Abiotic Components==
+An '''ecosystem''' is a complex network or interconnected system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment. Ecosystems can be of any size but usually encompass specific, limited spaces. They include both biotic (living) components, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, and abiotic (nonliving) components, such as air, water, and mineral soil.
-==Energy Flow==
+==Components of an Ecosystem==
-Energy in an ecosystem typically flows from the sun, through photosynthesizing organisms (like plants), to herbivores, and then to carnivores. Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down dead organisms and waste materials, recycling their nutrients back into the ecosystem.
+Ecosystems are composed of:
-==Nutrient Cycles==
+* '''Biotic components''': These include all living organisms within the ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. These organisms interact with each other in various ways, such as through food chains and food webs.
-==Human Impact==
+* '''Abiotic components''': These are the nonliving parts of the environment that influence living organisms. They include sunlight, temperature, wind, water, soil, and minerals.
-Human activities can have a significant impact on ecosystems, often leading to changes in biodiversity, habitat loss, pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts aim to protect and restore ecosystems and their functions.
 [[Category:Ecology]]
 [[Category:Environmental science]]
-[[Category:Biology]]
+[[Category:Natural environment]]

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'''Ecosystem''' is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Energy, water, nitrogen and soil minerals are other essential abiotic components of an ecosystem. The energy that flows through ecosystems is obtained primarily from the sun. It generally enters the system through photosynthesis, a process that also captures carbon from the atmosphere. By feeding on plants and on one-another, animals play an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the system. They also influence the quantity of plant and microbial biomass present. By breaking down dead organic material, decomposers release carbon back to the atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrients stored in dead biomass back to a form that can be readily used by plants and other microbes.

==Structure and Function==
An ecosystem's structure is defined by its living and non-living components, and its function is how these components interact and influence each other. The structure and function of ecosystems can be studied through various scientific disciplines including biology, ecology, and environmental science.

==Biotic and Abiotic Components==
The biotic components of an ecosystem include all the living organisms, while the abiotic components include all the non-living elements like air, water, and soil. These components interact with each other in various ways, forming a complex web of relationships that make up the ecosystem.

==Energy Flow==
Energy in an ecosystem typically flows from the sun, through photosynthesizing organisms (like plants), to herbivores, and then to carnivores. Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down dead organisms and waste materials, recycling their nutrients back into the ecosystem.

==Nutrient Cycles==
Nutrient cycles, also known as biogeochemical cycles, involve the movement of nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus through the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem. These cycles are crucial for maintaining the health and balance of an ecosystem.

==Human Impact==
Human activities can have a significant impact on ecosystems, often leading to changes in biodiversity, habitat loss, pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts aim to protect and restore ecosystems and their functions.

[[Category:Ecology]]
[[Category:Environmental science]]
[[Category:Biology]]

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{{dictionary-stub1}}

Ecosystem - Revision history

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