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2024-04-19T19:50:35Z

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[[File:Gray187.png|Gray187|thumb]] [[File:Gray189.png|Gray189|thumb|left]] [[File:Gray907.png|Gray907|thumb|left]] [[File:Gray908.png|Gray908|thumb]] [[File:Slide1CAC.JPG|Slide1CAC|thumb]] '''Ear Canal'''

The '''ear canal''', also known as the '''external auditory meatus''', is a tube running from the outer ear to the [[middle ear]]. The human ear canal extends from the [[pinna]] to the [[tympanic membrane]] (eardrum) and is a key component of the [[auditory system]], playing a critical role in the process of hearing.

==Anatomy==
The ear canal is approximately 2.5 centimeters in length and is S-shaped in adults, which helps protect the [[eardrum]] from damage. It is divided into two parts: the outer one-third is cartilaginous and has hair follicles as well as [[sebaceous glands]] and [[ceruminous glands]] that produce [[earwax]] ([[cerumen]]). The inner two-thirds are bony and lack hair and glands. The skin lining the ear canal is thin, especially near the eardrum, making it sensitive and susceptible to infections.

==Function==
The primary function of the ear canal is to conduct sound waves from the outer ear to the eardrum. The ear canal also serves to protect the [[middle ear]] from foreign particles, bacteria, and fungi. Earwax plays a crucial role in this protective function, trapping dirt and debris and inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.

==Common Conditions==
Several conditions can affect the ear canal, including:
* [[Otitis externa]]: An infection of the ear canal, often referred to as "swimmer's ear."
* [[Earwax impaction]]: Accumulation of earwax that can block the ear canal, leading to hearing loss or discomfort.
* [[Exostoses]]: Abnormal bone growths within the ear canal, commonly seen in surfers, hence the name "surfer's ear."

==Diagnosis and Treatment==
Diagnosis of ear canal conditions typically involves a physical examination, which may include an inspection of the ear canal and eardrum using an instrument called an [[otoscope]]. Treatment varies depending on the condition but may include cleaning, medication (e.g., antibiotics for infections), or, in some cases, surgery.

==Prevention==
Preventive measures for ear canal health include avoiding the insertion of foreign objects into the ear, keeping the ears dry (especially after swimming), and managing earwax production. Over-cleaning of the ear canal, particularly with cotton swabs, can lead to irritation and should be avoided.

[[Category:Ear]]
[[Category:Auditory system]]
{{medicine-stub}}

Ear canal - Revision history

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