Deepika vegiraju: Created page with "'''Other Names:''' Urethral duplication Duplication of urethra is a very rare condition where there is an extra urethra, instead of the normal one. The urethra is the tub..."

2020-11-10T13:47:39Z

Created page with "'''Other Names:''' Urethral duplication Duplication of urethra is a very rare condition where there is an extra urethra, instead of the normal one. The urethra is the tub..."

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'''Other Names:''' Urethral duplication

Duplication of urethra is a very rare condition where there is an extra [[urethra]], instead of the normal one.
The urethra is the tube that connects the [[urinary bladder]] to the [[genitals]] for the removal of fluids from the body. In men, the urethra is a long tube that runs through the [[penis]]. In women, the [[urethra]] is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening.
[[Image:Duplicated ureter.svg|right|Duplicated ureter|thumb|220px]]

== '''Classification''' ==
Urethral duplications can be classified into three types: incomplete urethral duplication (type 1), complete urethral duplication (type 2), and urethral duplication as a result of two bladders

== '''Cause''' ==
The exact cause of this condition is unknown; but it is probably due to a defect during the development of the embryo.

== '''Signs and symptoms''' ==
There are 3 different types of duplication of urethra. In type 1, the extra urethra arises from the primary urethra and may or may not extend to the external genitals. In type 2, the extra urethra either arises from another opening in the bladder or connects with the primary [[ureter]] at the opening of the bladder and then extends to the external genitals. The urethra can also connect with the primary urethra at the opening of the bladder and extend into the perineum (also called the Y-type). Type 3 is when there are two bladders that each give rise to a separate urethra that exits through the external genitals.
The clinical features of this abnormality are variable. People with complete urethral duplication can be asymptomatic or can present with a double stream of urine, incontinence, recurrent infections, or outflow obstructions. A double stream is the most common complaint and can be annoying, depending on where the extra opening in the genitals is located.

== '''Diagnosis''' ==
Prenatally diagnosed [[hydronephrosis]] (fluid-filled kidneys) suggest post-natal follow-up examination. The strongest neo-natal presentation is urinary tract infection. A hydronephrotic kidney may present as a [[palpable]] abdominal mass in the newborn, and may suggest an [[ectopic ureter]] or [[ureterocele]]. In older children, ureteral duplication may present as:
Urinary tract infection - most commonly due to vesicoureteral reflux (flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter, rather than vice versa).
Urinary incontinence in females occurs in cases of ectopic ureter entering the vagina, urethra or vestibule.

== '''Treatment''' ==
Treatment of this condition depends on the anatomy of the duplication and its clinical features. Some people with mild symptoms do not require surgery. However, sugery might be considered for disturbing symptoms, such as an annoying double stream or incontinence, or for cosmetic reasons.
{{Congenital malformations of urinary system}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duplicated Ureter}}
[[Category:Ureter disorders]]
{{rarediseases}}
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Duplication of urethra - Revision history

Deepika vegiraju: Created page with "'''Other Names:''' Urethral duplication Duplication of urethra is a very rare condition where there is an extra urethra, instead of the normal one. The urethra is the tub..."