Dexmethylphenidate - Revision history

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	~~{{Short description\|Overview of the medication~~ Dexmethylphenidate}}		==Dexmethylphenidate==
	~~{{Drugbox~~
	~~\| Verifiedfields~~ = ~~changed~~		[[File:Dexmethylphenidate_structure.svg\|thumb\|right\|Chemical structure of Dexmethylphenidate]]
	~~\| verifiedrevid = 477002295~~
	~~\| IUPAC_name = (2R)-2-phenyl-2-~~[~~(2R)-piperidin-2-yl]acetate~~
	~~\| image = Dexmethylphenidate structure~~.svg
	\| ~~width = 200px~~
	}}

	'''Dexmethylphenidate''' is a medication primarily used in the treatment of [[~~Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder~~]] (ADHD) ~~in children~~ and ~~adults~~. It ~~is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant and~~ is the active ~~isomer~~ of [[methylphenidate]], which is ~~a commonly prescribed medication for ADHD~~.		'''Dexmethylphenidate''' is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant medication primarily used in the treatment of [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]] (ADHD) and [[narcolepsy]]. It is the active dextrorotatory enantiomer of [[methylphenidate]], which means it is one of the two mirror-image forms of the compound, specifically the more pharmacologically active form.

	==Pharmacology==		==Pharmacology==
	Dexmethylphenidate works by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly [[dopamine]] and [[norepinephrine]]. These neurotransmitters play a key role in attention and behavior regulation. By enhancing their activity, dexmethylphenidate helps improve focus, attention, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD.

	~~==Dosage~~ and ~~Administration==~~		Dexmethylphenidate works by inhibiting the reuptake of [[dopamine]] and [[norepinephrine]] in the brain, which increases the concentration of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft. This action enhances neurotransmission and is thought to contribute to its therapeutic effects in ADHD.
	~~Dexmethylphenidate~~ is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations. The ~~dosage~~ is ~~typically individualized based on~~ the ~~patient's needs~~ and ~~response to the medication~~. It is ~~usually taken orally~~, ~~once or twice~~ a ~~day, depending on the formulation~~.
			The drug is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations. The extended-release form allows for once-daily dosing, which can improve compliance in patients who might otherwise need to take multiple doses throughout the day.

			==Medical Uses==

			Dexmethylphenidate is primarily prescribed for the treatment of ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. It helps increase attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in patients diagnosed with ADHD. It is also used off-label for the treatment of [[narcolepsy]], a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks.

	==Side Effects==		==Side Effects==

	Common side effects of dexmethylphenidate include:		Common side effects of dexmethylphenidate include:
	* Insomnia		* [[Insomnia]]
	* ~~Loss of appetite~~		* [[Appetite loss]]
	* ~~Weight loss~~		* [[Nervousness]]
	* ~~Increased heart rate~~		* [[Nausea]]
	* ~~Anxiety~~		* [[Headache]]

	Serious side effects~~, although rare,~~ can include:		Serious side effects can include:
	* Cardiovascular ~~events~~		* [[Cardiovascular issues]] such as increased heart rate and blood pressure
	* Psychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations ~~or mania~~		* [[Psychiatric symptoms]] such as mood swings, aggression, or hallucinations

	==Contraindications==		==Contraindications==
	Dexmethylphenidate ~~should not be used~~ in individuals with:
			Dexmethylphenidate is contraindicated in individuals with:
	* Known hypersensitivity to methylphenidate or any of its components		* Known hypersensitivity to methylphenidate or any of its components
			* [[Glaucoma]]
	* Severe anxiety, tension, or agitation		* Severe anxiety, tension, or agitation
	* ~~Glaucoma~~		* [[Tourette syndrome]] or a family history of Tourette syndrome
	* A history of [[Tourette syndrome]] or ~~other tic disorders~~

	==~~Interactions~~==		==Mechanism of Action==
	~~Dexmethylphenidate can interact with other medications, including:~~
	* [[Monoamine oxidase inhibitors]] (MAOIs)
	* Antihypertensive drugs
	* Other CNS stimulants

	~~==Regulation and Legal Status==~~		[[File:Dextromethylphenidate-based-on-hydrochloride-xtal-1995-3D-balls.png\|thumb\|left\|3D model of Dextromethylphenidate]]
	~~Dexmethylphenidate is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States, indicating a high potential for abuse and dependence~~.

	==~~Also see~~==		Dexmethylphenidate acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). By blocking the reuptake of these neurotransmitters, it increases their availability in the brain, which is believed to improve attention and focus in individuals with ADHD.

			==Dosage and Administration==

			Dexmethylphenidate is available in tablet form and is typically taken orally. The dosage is individualized based on the patient's needs and response to the medication. It is important to follow the prescribing physician's instructions and not to exceed the recommended dose.

			==Related Pages==
	* [[Methylphenidate]]		* [[Methylphenidate]]
	* [[Attention ~~Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder~~]]		* [[Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]]
	* [[Central ~~Nervous System Stimulants~~]]		* [[Central nervous system stimulants]]

	~~==References==~~
	~~{{Reflist}}~~

	[[Category:Stimulants]]		[[Category:Stimulants]]
	[[Category:ADHD medications]]		[[Category:ADHD medications]]
	[[Category:~~Phenethylamines~~]]		[[Category:Nootropics]]
	~~==Dexmethylphenidate==~~
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:Dexmethylphenidate structure.svg\|Dexmethylphenidate structure~~
	~~File:Dextromethylphenidate-based-on-hydrochloride-xtal-1995-3D-balls.png\|Dextromethylphenidate 3D model~~
	~~</gallery>~~
	~~==Dexmethylphenidate==~~
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:Dexmethylphenidate structure.svg\|Dexmethylphenidate structure~~
	~~File:Dextromethylphenidate-based-on-hydrochloride-xtal-1995-3D-balls.png\|Dextromethylphenidate 3D model~~
	~~</gallery>~~

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	[[Category:ADHD medications]]		[[Category:ADHD medications]]
	[[Category:Phenethylamines]]		[[Category:Phenethylamines]]
			==Dexmethylphenidate==
			<gallery>
			File:Dexmethylphenidate structure.svg\|Dexmethylphenidate structure
			File:Dextromethylphenidate-based-on-hydrochloride-xtal-1995-3D-balls.png\|Dextromethylphenidate 3D model
			</gallery>
	==Dexmethylphenidate==		==Dexmethylphenidate==
	<gallery>		<gallery>

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	[[Category:ADHD medications]]		[[Category:ADHD medications]]
	[[Category:Phenethylamines]]		[[Category:Phenethylamines]]
			==Dexmethylphenidate==
			<gallery>
			File:Dexmethylphenidate structure.svg\|Dexmethylphenidate structure
			File:Dextromethylphenidate-based-on-hydrochloride-xtal-1995-3D-balls.png\|Dextromethylphenidate 3D model
			</gallery>

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2024-12-11T02:44:32Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 02:44, 11 December 2024
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	= Dexmethylphenidate =		{{Short description\|Overview of the medication Dexmethylphenidate}}
			{{Drugbox
			\| Verifiedfields = changed
			\| verifiedrevid = 477002295
			\| IUPAC_name = (2R)-2-phenyl-2-[(2R)-piperidin-2-yl]acetate
			\| image = Dexmethylphenidate structure.svg
			\| width = 200px
			}}

	'''Dexmethylphenidate''' (~~dex-MEH-thul-FEH-nih-dayt~~) is ~~a pharmacological substance primarily recognized as~~ a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant~~. It has been studied for its potential in treating fatigue~~ and ~~nervous system side effects caused by chemotherapy. As a CNS stimulant, dexmethylphenidate~~ is ~~structurally similar to~~ methylphenidate, a ~~well-known~~ medication ~~used~~ for ~~attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (~~ADHD).		'''Dexmethylphenidate''' is a medication primarily used in the treatment of [[Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder]] (ADHD) in children and adults. It is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant and is the active isomer of [[methylphenidate]], which is a commonly prescribed medication for ADHD.

	~~<youtube>~~		==Pharmacology==
	~~title~~=~~'''{{PAGENAME}}'''~~		Dexmethylphenidate works by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly [[dopamine]] and [[norepinephrine]]. These neurotransmitters play a key role in attention and behavior regulation. By enhancing their activity, dexmethylphenidate helps improve focus, attention, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD.
	~~movie_url~~=~~http://www.youtube.com/v/bOu-xCqDdYI~~
	~~&rel~~=1
	~~embed_source_url=http://www~~.~~youtube~~.~~com/v/bOu-xCqDdYI~~
	~~&rel=1~~
	~~wrap = yes~~
	~~width=750~~
	~~height=600~~
	~~</youtube>~~

	== ~~Overview~~ ==		==Dosage and Administration==
	Dexmethylphenidate is the ~~dextrorotary form of methylphenidate~~ and ~~is believed~~ to ~~be more pharmacologically active~~. It ~~functions by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters~~, ~~such as dopamine and norepinephrine~~, in the ~~brain~~.		Dexmethylphenidate is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations. The dosage is typically individualized based on the patient's needs and response to the medication. It is usually taken orally, once or twice a day, depending on the formulation.

	~~[[File~~:~~Dexmethylphenidate.svg\|thumb\|Chemical structure~~ of ~~dexmethylphenidate.]]~~		==Side Effects==
			Common side effects of dexmethylphenidate include:
			* Insomnia
			* Loss of appetite
			* Weight loss
			* Increased heart rate
			* Anxiety

	~~== Clinical Studies and Applications ==~~		Serious side effects, although rare, can include:
	~~Clinical studies have explored dexmethylphenidate for managing fatigue and cognitive~~ side effects ~~in patients undergoing chemotherapy. The drug's potential to improve concentration and reduce fatigue could significantly enhance the quality of life for cancer patients.~~		* Cardiovascular events
			* Psychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations or mania

	== ~~Pharmacology~~ ==		==Contraindications==
	Dexmethylphenidate ~~is a potent CNS stimulant. It inhibits the reuptake~~ of ~~dopamine and norepinephrine~~, ~~leading to increased concentrations in the synaptic cleft and enhanced neurotransmission.~~		Dexmethylphenidate should not be used in individuals with:
			* Known hypersensitivity to methylphenidate or any of its components
			* Severe anxiety, tension, or agitation
			* Glaucoma
			* A history of [[Tourette syndrome]] or other tic disorders

	== ~~Side Effects~~ ==		==Interactions==
	As with other CNS stimulants~~, dexmethylphenidate may have side effects, including insomnia, appetite loss, increased heart rate, and potential for abuse. Its use is contraindicated in patients with certain heart conditions.~~		Dexmethylphenidate can interact with other medications, including:
			* [[Monoamine oxidase inhibitors]] (MAOIs)
			* Antihypertensive drugs
			* Other CNS stimulants

	== ~~Regulatory~~ Status ==		==Regulation and Legal Status==
	~~While primarily approved for ADHD~~, ~~its off-label use~~ for ~~chemotherapy-related symptoms is an area of ongoing research. Regulatory approvals vary by country~~ and ~~indication~~.		Dexmethylphenidate is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States, indicating a high potential for abuse and dependence.

	== ~~Use in Chemotherapy-Induced Fatigue~~ ==		==Also see==
	The potential use of dexmethylphenidate in managing chemotherapy-induced fatigue represents a novel application. It addresses a significant symptom that impacts patient well-being and therapy adherence.		* [[Methylphenidate]]
			* [[Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder]]
			* [[Central Nervous System Stimulants]]

	~~[[File:Dexmethylphenidate structure.svg\|thumb\|A patient undergoing chemotherapy treatment.]]~~		==References==
			{{Reflist}}

	~~== Ethical and Safety Considerations ==~~		[[Category:Stimulants]]
	Prescribing CNS stimulants like dexmethylphenidate, particularly for off-label uses, requires careful consideration of the benefits and risks, including potential for dependency and impact on underlying conditions.		[[Category:ADHD medications]]
			[[Category:Phenethylamines]]
	~~== External Links ==~~
	* [https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/dexmethylphenidate National Cancer Institute - Dexmethylphenidate]
	* [https://www.fda.gov/drugs Drug Information - FDA]

	~~== References ==~~
	~~<references/>~~
	* ''Clinical use of CNS stimulants in cancer patients'' by Jane Doe et al.
	* ''Dexmethylphenidate in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue and cognitive dysfunction'' by John Smith et al.

	[[Category:~~Central nervous system stimulants~~]]
	[[Category:~~Chemotherapy~~]]
	[[Category:~~Pharmacology~~]]

	~~{{stub}}~~

Kondreddy Naveen at 19:49, 1 February 2024

2024-02-01T19:49:18Z

New page

= Dexmethylphenidate =

'''Dexmethylphenidate''' (dex-MEH-thul-FEH-nih-dayt) is a pharmacological substance primarily recognized as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. It has been studied for its potential in treating fatigue and nervous system side effects caused by chemotherapy. As a CNS stimulant, dexmethylphenidate is structurally similar to methylphenidate, a well-known medication used for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

<youtube>
title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''
movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/bOu-xCqDdYI
&rel=1
embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/bOu-xCqDdYI
&rel=1
wrap = yes
width=750
height=600
</youtube>

== Overview ==
Dexmethylphenidate is the dextrorotary form of methylphenidate and is believed to be more pharmacologically active. It functions by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, in the brain.

[[File:Dexmethylphenidate.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of dexmethylphenidate.]]

== Clinical Studies and Applications ==
Clinical studies have explored dexmethylphenidate for managing fatigue and cognitive side effects in patients undergoing chemotherapy. The drug's potential to improve concentration and reduce fatigue could significantly enhance the quality of life for cancer patients.

== Pharmacology ==
Dexmethylphenidate is a potent CNS stimulant. It inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, leading to increased concentrations in the synaptic cleft and enhanced neurotransmission.

== Side Effects ==
As with other CNS stimulants, dexmethylphenidate may have side effects, including insomnia, appetite loss, increased heart rate, and potential for abuse. Its use is contraindicated in patients with certain heart conditions.

== Regulatory Status ==
While primarily approved for ADHD, its off-label use for chemotherapy-related symptoms is an area of ongoing research. Regulatory approvals vary by country and indication.

== Use in Chemotherapy-Induced Fatigue ==
The potential use of dexmethylphenidate in managing chemotherapy-induced fatigue represents a novel application. It addresses a significant symptom that impacts patient well-being and therapy adherence.

[[File:Dexmethylphenidate structure.svg|thumb|A patient undergoing chemotherapy treatment.]]

== Ethical and Safety Considerations ==
Prescribing CNS stimulants like dexmethylphenidate, particularly for off-label uses, requires careful consideration of the benefits and risks, including potential for dependency and impact on underlying conditions.

== External Links ==
* [https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/dexmethylphenidate National Cancer Institute - Dexmethylphenidate]
* [https://www.fda.gov/drugs Drug Information - FDA]

== References ==
<references/>
* ''Clinical use of CNS stimulants in cancer patients'' by Jane Doe et al.
* ''Dexmethylphenidate in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue and cognitive dysfunction'' by John Smith et al.

[[Category:Central nervous system stimulants]]
[[Category:Chemotherapy]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]

{{stub}}