Dermatitis - Revision history

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2025-04-05T18:12:57Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:12, 5 April 2025
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			{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Dermatitis
			\| image = [[File:Dermatitis2015.jpg\|250px]]
			\| caption = A person with dermatitis on the hands
			\| field = [[Dermatology]]
			\| synonyms = [[Eczema]]
			\| symptoms = [[Itchiness]], [[redness]], [[swelling]], [[cracking]], [[blisters]]
			\| complications = [[Skin infection]], [[sleep problems]]
			\| onset = Childhood or adulthood
			\| duration = Long term
			\| causes = [[Genetic]], [[environmental]]
			\| risks = [[Family history]], [[allergies]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[medical history]]
			\| differential = [[Psoriasis]], [[scabies]], [[contact dermatitis]]
			\| prevention = Avoiding irritants, [[moisturizing]]
			\| treatment = [[Moisturizers]], [[steroid creams]], [[antihistamines]]
			\| medication = [[Corticosteroids]], [[immunosuppressants]]
			\| frequency = Common
			\| deaths = Rare
			}}
	'''Dermatitis''' is a general term that describes inflammation of the [[skin]]. It can have various causes and manifestations, but its hallmark is usually an itchy rash. Dermatitis can be acute or chronic and affect people of all ages.		'''Dermatitis''' is a general term that describes inflammation of the [[skin]]. It can have various causes and manifestations, but its hallmark is usually an itchy rash. Dermatitis can be acute or chronic and affect people of all ages.
	~~[[File:Dermatitis2015.jpg\|Dermatitis\|thumb]]~~		[[File:Seborrhoeic dermatitis head.jpg\|Seborrhoeic dermatitis head\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Seborrhoeic dermatitis head.jpg\|Seborrhoeic dermatitis head\|thumb]]		[[File:Common causes of dermatitis and skin irritants.jpg\|Common causes of dermatitis and skin irritants\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Common causes of dermatitis and skin irritants.jpg\|Common causes of dermatitis and skin irritants\|thumb]]		[[File:Micrograph of dermatitis herpetiformis.jpg\|Micrograph of dermatitis herpetiformis\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Micrograph of dermatitis herpetiformis.jpg\|Micrograph of dermatitis herpetiformis\|thumb]]		[[File:Dermatitis herpetiformis.jpg\|Dermatitis herpetiformis\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Dermatitis herpetiformis.jpg\|Dermatitis herpetiformis\|thumb]]
	== Types of Dermatitis ==		== Types of Dermatitis ==

	There are several different types of dermatitis, including:		There are several different types of dermatitis, including:

	# [[Atopic dermatitis]] (eczema): A chronic skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin, often occurring in individuals with a family history of allergies or asthma.		# [[Atopic dermatitis]] (eczema): A chronic skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin, often occurring in individuals with a family history of allergies or asthma.
	# [[Contact dermatitis]]: A localized reaction that occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen or irritant, such as poison ivy or a particular chemical.		# [[Contact dermatitis]]: A localized reaction that occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen or irritant, such as poison ivy or a particular chemical.
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	# [[Nummular dermatitis]]: Characterized by coin-shaped patches of irritated skin, this type of dermatitis is more common in older adults and can be triggered by dry skin or injury.		# [[Nummular dermatitis]]: Characterized by coin-shaped patches of irritated skin, this type of dermatitis is more common in older adults and can be triggered by dry skin or injury.
	== Causes and Risk Factors ==		== Causes and Risk Factors ==

	The exact cause of dermatitis varies depending on the type, but common factors include:		The exact cause of dermatitis varies depending on the type, but common factors include:

	* Genetic predisposition		* Genetic predisposition
	* Environmental factors, such as exposure to allergens, irritants, or extreme weather conditions		* Environmental factors, such as exposure to allergens, irritants, or extreme weather conditions
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	* Stress		* Stress
	Risk factors for dermatitis include:		Risk factors for dermatitis include:

	* Personal or family history of allergies, asthma, or other atopic conditions		* Personal or family history of allergies, asthma, or other atopic conditions
	* Frequent exposure to irritants or allergens, particularly in occupational settings		* Frequent exposure to irritants or allergens, particularly in occupational settings
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	* Skin type (individuals with dry or sensitive skin may be more prone to dermatitis)		* Skin type (individuals with dry or sensitive skin may be more prone to dermatitis)
	== Symptoms ==		== Symptoms ==

	Common symptoms of dermatitis include:		Common symptoms of dermatitis include:

	* Red, inflamed skin		* Red, inflamed skin
	* Itching		* Itching
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	* Pain or tenderness		* Pain or tenderness
	== Diagnosis ==		== Diagnosis ==

	Dermatitis is typically diagnosed by a [[dermatologist]] through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and, if necessary, diagnostic tests. These tests may include:		Dermatitis is typically diagnosed by a [[dermatologist]] through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and, if necessary, diagnostic tests. These tests may include:

	[[Patch testing]]: Used to identify specific allergens causing contact dermatitis		[[Patch testing]]: Used to identify specific allergens causing contact dermatitis
	Skin biopsy: A small sample of skin is removed and examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other skin conditions		Skin biopsy: A small sample of skin is removed and examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other skin conditions
	Blood tests: These may be used to assess immune system function or identify specific allergens		Blood tests: These may be used to assess immune system function or identify specific allergens
	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==

	The treatment for dermatitis depends on the type and severity of the condition. The primary goals of treatment are to alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prevent future flare-ups. Common treatment options include:		The treatment for dermatitis depends on the type and severity of the condition. The primary goals of treatment are to alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prevent future flare-ups. Common treatment options include:

	* Topical corticosteroids: These medications help to reduce inflammation and itching.		* Topical corticosteroids: These medications help to reduce inflammation and itching.
	* [[Antihistamines]]: Oral antihistamines can help to control itching, particularly in cases of atopic dermatitis.		* [[Antihistamines]]: Oral antihistamines can help to control itching, particularly in cases of atopic dermatitis.
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	* Phototherapy: Controlled exposure to ultraviolet light can help to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms in some cases of dermatitis.		* Phototherapy: Controlled exposure to ultraviolet light can help to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms in some cases of dermatitis.
	* Lifestyle changes: Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as allergens or irritants, can help to prevent flare-ups.		* Lifestyle changes: Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as allergens or irritants, can help to prevent flare-ups.

	== Prevention ==		== Prevention ==

	Preventive measures for dermatitis include:		Preventive measures for dermatitis include:

	* Identifying and avoiding known allergens or irritants		* Identifying and avoiding known allergens or irritants
	* Maintaining good skin hygiene and using gentle, fragrance-free cleansers		* Maintaining good skin hygiene and using gentle, fragrance-free cleansers
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	* Avoiding excessive exposure to extreme temperatures or weather conditions		* Avoiding excessive exposure to extreme temperatures or weather conditions
	== Complications ==		== Complications ==

	Potential complications of dermatitis include:		Potential complications of dermatitis include:

	[[Skin infections]]: Scratching or damaged skin can allow bacteria or other pathogens to enter, potentially leading to infection.		[[Skin infections]]: Scratching or damaged skin can allow bacteria or other pathogens to enter, potentially leading to infection.
	[[Scarring]] or skin discoloration: Chronic inflammation or scratching may result in changes to the skin's appearance.		[[Scarring]] or skin discoloration: Chronic inflammation or scratching may result in changes to the skin's appearance.
	Impact on quality of life: Persistent itching and discomfort can negatively affect sleep, daily activities, and overall well-being.		Impact on quality of life: Persistent itching and discomfort can negatively affect sleep, daily activities, and overall well-being.
	== See Also ==		== See Also ==

	* [[Psoriasis]]		* [[Psoriasis]]
	* [[Rosacea]]		* [[Rosacea]]
	* [[Urticaria (Hives)]]		* [[Urticaria (Hives)]]
	== References ==		== References ==

	* American Academy of Dermatology. (n.d.). Dermatitis. Retrieved from https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/dermatitis-overview		* American Academy of Dermatology. (n.d.). Dermatitis. Retrieved from https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/dermatitis-overview
	* Bolognia, J. L., Schaffer, J. V., & Cerroni, L. (Eds.). (2018). Dermatology (4th ed.). Elsevier.		* Bolognia, J. L., Schaffer, J. V., & Cerroni, L. (Eds.). (2018). Dermatology (4th ed.). Elsevier.

Prab at 13:39, 8 April 2023

2023-04-08T13:39:07Z

New page

'''Dermatitis''' is a general term that describes inflammation of the [[skin]]. It can have various causes and manifestations, but its hallmark is usually an itchy rash. Dermatitis can be acute or chronic and affect people of all ages.
[[File:Dermatitis2015.jpg|Dermatitis|thumb]]
[[File:Seborrhoeic dermatitis head.jpg|Seborrhoeic dermatitis head|thumb]]
[[File:Common causes of dermatitis and skin irritants.jpg|Common causes of dermatitis and skin irritants|thumb]]
[[File:Micrograph of dermatitis herpetiformis.jpg|Micrograph of dermatitis herpetiformis|thumb]]
[[File:Dermatitis herpetiformis.jpg|Dermatitis herpetiformis|thumb]]
== Types of Dermatitis ==

There are several different types of dermatitis, including:

# [[Atopic dermatitis]] (eczema): A chronic skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin, often occurring in individuals with a family history of allergies or asthma.
# [[Contact dermatitis]]: A localized reaction that occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen or irritant, such as poison ivy or a particular chemical.
# [[Seborrheic dermatitis]]: A common skin condition that causes redness, scaling, and dandruff, primarily affecting the scalp, face, and trunk.
# [[Stasis dermatitis]]: A skin inflammation that occurs in individuals with poor circulation, particularly in the lower legs.
# [[Nummular dermatitis]]: Characterized by coin-shaped patches of irritated skin, this type of dermatitis is more common in older adults and can be triggered by dry skin or injury.
== Causes and Risk Factors ==

The exact cause of dermatitis varies depending on the type, but common factors include:

* Genetic predisposition
* Environmental factors, such as exposure to allergens, irritants, or extreme weather conditions
* Weakened skin barrier function
* [[Immune system]] dysfunction
* Poor circulation
* Stress
Risk factors for dermatitis include:

* Personal or family history of allergies, asthma, or other atopic conditions
* Frequent exposure to irritants or allergens, particularly in occupational settings
* Age (certain types of dermatitis are more common in specific age groups)
* Skin type (individuals with dry or sensitive skin may be more prone to dermatitis)
== Symptoms ==

Common symptoms of dermatitis include:

* Red, inflamed skin
* Itching
* Swelling
* Scaling or flaking
* Crusting or oozing
* Blisters or vesicles
* Pain or tenderness
== Diagnosis ==

Dermatitis is typically diagnosed by a [[dermatologist]] through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and, if necessary, diagnostic tests. These tests may include:

[[Patch testing]]: Used to identify specific allergens causing contact dermatitis
Skin biopsy: A small sample of skin is removed and examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other skin conditions
Blood tests: These may be used to assess immune system function or identify specific allergens
== Treatment ==

The treatment for dermatitis depends on the type and severity of the condition. The primary goals of treatment are to alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prevent future flare-ups. Common treatment options include:

* Topical corticosteroids: These medications help to reduce inflammation and itching.
* [[Antihistamines]]: Oral antihistamines can help to control itching, particularly in cases of atopic dermatitis.
* Moisturizers and emollients: Regular use of moisturizers and emollients can help to maintain the skin's barrier function and prevent dryness.
* Topical calcineurin inhibitors: These medications, such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, can be used as an alternative to corticosteroids in certain cases.
* Phototherapy: Controlled exposure to ultraviolet light can help to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms in some cases of dermatitis.
* Lifestyle changes: Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as allergens or irritants, can help to prevent flare-ups.

== Prevention ==

Preventive measures for dermatitis include:

* Identifying and avoiding known allergens or irritants
* Maintaining good skin hygiene and using gentle, fragrance-free cleansers
* Regularly using moisturizers and emollients to maintain skin barrier function and prevent dryness
* Using protective clothing or gloves when handling irritants or allergens, particularly in occupational settings
* Managing stress, as it can contribute to dermatitis flare-ups
* Avoiding excessive exposure to extreme temperatures or weather conditions
== Complications ==

Potential complications of dermatitis include:

[[Skin infections]]: Scratching or damaged skin can allow bacteria or other pathogens to enter, potentially leading to infection.
[[Scarring]] or skin discoloration: Chronic inflammation or scratching may result in changes to the skin's appearance.
Impact on quality of life: Persistent itching and discomfort can negatively affect sleep, daily activities, and overall well-being.
== See Also ==

* [[Psoriasis]]
* [[Rosacea]]
* [[Urticaria (Hives)]]
== References ==

* American Academy of Dermatology. (n.d.). Dermatitis. Retrieved from https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/dermatitis-overview
* Bolognia, J. L., Schaffer, J. V., & Cerroni, L. (Eds.). (2018). Dermatology (4th ed.). Elsevier.
{{stub}}
{{Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue}}
[[Category:Dermatitis| ]]
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]]
[[Category:Eczema| ]]
[[Category:Steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Skin Conditions]]
[[Category:Inflammatory Skin Conditions]]