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{{clear}}== Daemon ==
A '''daemon''' is a background process that runs on a computer system, typically without direct user interaction. Daemons are often initiated at boot time and run continuously, providing various services to the system and its users.
=== Etymology ===
The term "daemon" is derived from the [[Greek mythology|Greek]] word "δαίμων" (daimōn), which refers to a supernatural being or spirit. In computing, the term was popularized by the [[Project MAC]] at [[MIT]] in the 1960s.
=== Functionality ===
Daemons perform a variety of tasks, including handling network requests, managing hardware devices, and performing system maintenance. Common examples of daemons include:
* [[cron]] - A time-based job scheduler.
* [[httpd]] - The [[Apache HTTP Server]] daemon.
* [[sshd]] - The [[OpenSSH]] daemon for secure shell access.
* [[syslogd]] - The system logging daemon.
=== Characteristics ===
Daemons typically have the following characteristics:
* They run in the background and do not have a controlling terminal.
* They are often started at system boot and run continuously.
* They can be controlled through [[init]] systems like [[systemd]], [[Upstart]], or [[SysVinit]].
=== Implementation ===
To create a daemon, a process usually follows these steps:
1. Fork off the parent process.
2. Create a new session and process group.
3. Close all open file descriptors.
4. Change the working directory to the root directory.
5. Reset the file mode creation mask.
6. Handle [[signals]] appropriately.
=== Examples of Daemons ===
* [[inetd]] - The internet super-server daemon.
* [[named]] - The [[BIND]] DNS server daemon.
* [[cupsd]] - The [[CUPS]] printing system daemon.
=== Related Concepts ===
* [[Service (computing)|Service]] - A similar concept in [[Microsoft Windows]] operating systems.
* [[Background process]] - A process that runs in the background but is not necessarily a daemon.
* [[Init]] - The first process started during booting of the computer system.
== See Also ==
* [[Service (computing)]]
* [[Background process]]
* [[Init]]
* [[Systemd]]
* [[Upstart]]
* [[SysVinit]]
[[Category:Computer terminology]]
[[Category:Operating system technology]]
[[Category:Unix software]]
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