Collage - Revision history

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	[[File:DasUndbild.jpg\|thumb]] [[File:Hoch-Cut With the Kitchen Knife.jpg\|thumb]] [[File:Pablo Picasso, 1913-14, Head (Tête), cut and pasted colored paper, gouache and charcoal on paperboard, 43.5 x 33 cm, Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh.jpg\|thumb]] [[File:Dove The Intellectual.jpg\|thumb]] {{Infobox art ~~form~~		{{Infobox art technique
	\| name = Collage		\| name = Collage
	\| caption = ~~A form~~ of art ~~involving the assemblage of different forms~~		\| image = [[File:DasUndbild.jpg\|thumb\|right\|200px\|Das Undbild by Kurt Schwitters]]
	\| medium = ~~Various~~		\| caption = ''Das Undbild'' by Kurt Schwitters, an example of collage art.
	\| ~~notable_artists~~ = ~~Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Hannah Höch~~		\| year = 20th century
			\| medium = Mixed media
			\| movement = Modern art
	}}		}}

	'''Collage''' is an artistic technique and ~~form of visual art~~ that involves assembling different forms, materials, and objects to create a new whole. The term "collage" is derived from the French word "coller," meaning "to glue." This technique ~~has been used~~ in ~~various art movements~~ and ~~is known for its ability to combine diverse elements into a cohesive composition~~.		'''Collage''' is an artistic technique and genre that involves assembling different forms, materials, and objects to create a new whole. The term "collage" is derived from the French word "coller," meaning "to glue." This technique became a distinctive part of modern art in the early 20th century, particularly through the works of artists such as [[Pablo Picasso]], [[Georges Braque]], and [[Hannah Höch]].

	==History==		==History==
	The origins of collage can be traced back to the ~~early~~ 20th century~~, although similar techniques have been used in folk~~ art ~~and other forms for centuries~~. ~~The modern use of collage began with the Cubist movement, particularly with artists such as~~ [[~~Pablo Picasso~~]] and ~~[[Georges~~ Braque]]. They ~~introduced collage as a means to challenge traditional perspectives~~ and ~~to incorporate elements of the real world~~ into their art.		The origins of collage can be traced back to the invention of paper in China around 200 BC. However, it was not until the 20th century that collage became a formal art technique. [[Cubism]], pioneered by Picasso and Braque, was instrumental in the development of collage as an art form. They began incorporating newspaper clippings, fabric, and other materials into their paintings, challenging traditional notions of art.

	~~During~~ the [[Dada]] movement, ~~artists~~ like [[Hannah Höch]] and [[Kurt Schwitters]] ~~expanded the use of~~ collage to ~~include photomontage~~, ~~which involved the use of~~ photographs and ~~other printed media~~. ~~This period saw~~ collage ~~being~~ used ~~as a form of social~~ and ~~political commentary~~.		===Dada and Surrealism===
			Collage was also a significant technique in the [[Dada]] movement, which emerged as a reaction to the horrors of World War I. Artists like [[Hannah Höch]] and [[Kurt Schwitters]] used collage to create provocative and politically charged works. Höch's ''[[Cut with the Kitchen Knife]]'' (1919) is a notable example, using cut-out photographs and text to critique Weimar Germany.

			[[File:Hoch-Cut_With_the_Kitchen_Knife.jpg\|thumb\|right\|200px\|''Cut with the Kitchen Knife'' by Hannah Höch]]

			In the [[Surrealism\|Surrealist]] movement, collage was used to explore the unconscious mind and dream imagery. Artists like [[Max Ernst]] employed collage to create fantastical and dream-like compositions.

	==Techniques==		==Techniques==
	Collage involves various techniques, including:		Collage involves various techniques, including:

	* '''~~Cut~~ and ~~Paste~~''': The most basic form ~~of collage~~, involving cutting ~~out~~ images or ~~shapes~~ from ~~different~~ sources and pasting them onto a surface.		* '''Cutting and Pasting''': The most basic form, involving cutting images or text from magazines, newspapers, or other sources and pasting them onto a surface.
	* '''Assemblage''': A form of collage that involves three-dimensional elements, creating a ~~more~~ sculptural effect.		* '''Assemblage''': A form of collage that involves three-dimensional elements, creating a sculptural effect.
	* '''Photomontage''': A ~~technique~~ that uses photographs~~, often manipulated or combined~~ to create a new image.		* '''Photomontage''': A type of collage that uses photographs to create a new image, often used in political and social commentary.
	* '''Digital Collage''': With the advent of digital technology, ~~artists now use software to create collages, allowing for more complex~~ and ~~layered compositions~~.

	==~~Materials~~==		==Notable Artists==
	~~Collage can be created using a wide range of materials, including:~~		* [[Pablo Picasso]]
			* [[Georges Braque]]
			* [[Hannah Höch]]
			* [[Kurt Schwitters]]
			* [[Henri Matisse]]

	* Paper (~~newspapers, magazines, colored paper~~)		[[File:OHNE_TITEL_(DAS_SCHACHBILD).PNG\|thumb\|right\|200px\|''Ohne Titel (Das Schachbild)'' by Kurt Schwitters]]
	* Photographs
	* Fabric
	* Found objects (~~tickets, labels, etc.~~)
	* Paint and other traditional art materials

	==~~Significance~~==		==Influence and Legacy==
	Collage ~~is significant in~~ art ~~history for its role in challenging~~ traditional ~~notions of~~ art and ~~composition. It allows artists to explore themes of fragmentation, juxtaposition~~, and ~~the blending of different realities~~. ~~Collage has been~~ used ~~to address social, political~~, and ~~cultural issues, making it a powerful tool for expression~~.		Collage has had a profound impact on modern and contemporary art. It challenged traditional boundaries between different art forms and media, paving the way for mixed media and installation art. The technique continues to be used by artists today, both in traditional forms and in digital media.

	~~==Contemporary Use==~~		[[File:Blue_Nudes_Henri_Matisse.jpg\|thumb\|right\|200px\|''Blue Nudes'' by Henri Matisse]]
	Today, collage continues to be a popular form of art, both in traditional and digital forms. It is used in various fields, including graphic design, advertising, and fashion. The versatility of collage allows artists to experiment with new ideas and techniques, keeping the art form dynamic and evolving.

	==Also see==		==Also see==
	* [[Cubism]]		* [[Cubism]]
	* [[Dada]]		* [[Dada]]
			* [[Surrealism]]
			* [[Mixed media]]
	* [[Photomontage]]		* [[Photomontage]]
	* [[Assemblage (art)]]
	* [[Mixed media]]

	{{Art~~-stub~~}}		{{Art techniques}}

	[[Category:Art techniques]]		[[Category:Art techniques]]
	[[Category:~~Visual arts~~]]		[[Category:Modern art]]
	[[Category:Collage]]		[[Category:Collage]]

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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:42, 9 December 2024
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	[[~~file~~:DasUndbild.jpg\|thumb~~\|DasUndbild~~]] [[~~file~~:~~Hoch-Cut_With_the_Kitchen_Knife.jpg\|thumb\|~~Hoch-Cut With the Kitchen Knife\|~~left~~]] [[~~file~~:~~Pablo_Picasso,_1913-14,_Head_(Tête),_cut_and_pasted_colored_paper,_gouache_and_charcoal_on_paperboard,_43.5_x_33_cm,_Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art,_Edinburgh.jpg\|thumb\|~~Pablo Picasso, 1913-14, Head (Tête), cut and pasted colored paper, gouache and charcoal on paperboard, 43.5 x 33 cm, Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh~~]] [[file:Dove_The_Intellectual~~.jpg\|thumb~~\|Dove The Intellectual\|left~~]] [[~~file~~:~~OHNE_TITEL_(DAS_SCHACHBILD)~~.~~PNG~~\|thumb~~\|OHNE TITEL (DAS SCHACHBILD)~~]] ~~[[file:Blue_Nudes_Henri_Matisse.jpg~~\|~~thumb~~\|~~Blue Nudes Henri Matisse]]~~ '''Collage''' is a technique of art ~~creation, primarily used in the visual arts, where the artwork is made from an assemblage of~~ different forms, ~~creating~~ a new whole. A collage ~~may sometimes include magazine and newspaper clippings, ribbons, paint, bits of colored or handmade papers, portions of other artwork or texts, photographs~~, and ~~other found objects, glued~~ to a ~~piece of paper or canvas~~.		[[File:DasUndbild.jpg\|thumb]] [[File:Hoch-Cut With the Kitchen Knife.jpg\|thumb]] [[File:Pablo Picasso, 1913-14, Head (Tête), cut and pasted colored paper, gouache and charcoal on paperboard, 43.5 x 33 cm, Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh.jpg\|thumb]] [[File:Dove The Intellectual.jpg\|thumb]] {{Infobox art form
			\| name = Collage
			\| caption = A form of art involving the assemblage of different forms
			\| medium = Various
			\| notable_artists = Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Hannah Höch
			}}

			'''Collage''' is an artistic technique and form of visual art that involves assembling different forms, materials, and objects to create a new whole. The term "collage" is derived from the French word "coller," meaning "to glue." This technique has been used in various art movements and is known for its ability to combine diverse elements into a cohesive composition.

	==History==		==History==
	The ~~term "~~collage~~" derives from~~ the ~~French word "coller~~,~~" meaning "to glue." This technique was first~~ used ~~as an~~ art ~~form in~~ the ~~early 20th century by~~ artists such as [[Pablo Picasso]] and [[Georges Braque]]. ~~These artists were part~~ of the [[~~Cubism\|Cubist~~ movement]], which ~~sought to challenge traditional perspectives in art~~.		The origins of collage can be traced back to the early 20th century, although similar techniques have been used in folk art and other forms for centuries. The modern use of collage began with the Cubist movement, particularly with artists such as [[Pablo Picasso]] and [[Georges Braque]]. They introduced collage as a means to challenge traditional perspectives and to incorporate elements of the real world into their art.

			During the [[Dada]] movement, artists like [[Hannah Höch]] and [[Kurt Schwitters]] expanded the use of collage to include photomontage, which involved the use of photographs and other printed media. This period saw collage being used as a form of social and political commentary.

	==Techniques==		==Techniques==
	Collage techniques ~~can vary widely. Some common methods include:~~		Collage involves various techniques, including:
	* '''Paper Collage''': Using cut-out pieces of paper, ~~often from magazines or newspapers.~~
	* '''Photomontage''': A type of collage that includes photographs or photographic elements.
	* '''Assemblage''': A form of collage that incorporates three-dimensional objects.
	* '''Digital Collage''': ~~Created using digital tools and software.~~

	~~==Notable Artists==~~		* '''Cut and Paste''': The most basic form of collage, involving cutting out images or shapes from different sources and pasting them onto a surface.
	~~Several artists are renowned for their work with~~ collage, ~~including:~~		* '''Assemblage''': A form of collage that involves three-dimensional elements, creating a more sculptural effect.
	* ~~[[Henri Matisse]]~~: ~~Known for his "cut~~-~~outs" in his later years~~.		* '''Photomontage''': A technique that uses photographs, often manipulated or combined to create a new image.
	* ~~[[Kurt Schwitters]]~~: A ~~key figure in the [[Dada]] movement~~, ~~known for his use of found objects~~.		* '''Digital Collage''': With the advent of digital technology, artists now use software to create collages, allowing for more complex and layered compositions.
	* ~~[[Hannah Höch]]~~: ~~A pioneer~~ of ~~photomontage~~ and ~~a member of the Berlin Dada group~~.

	==~~Applications~~==		==Materials==
	Collage ~~is not limited to fine art but is also used in various other fields:~~		Collage can be created using a wide range of materials, including:
	* '''Graphic Design''': Collage techniques are often used in graphic design for creating posters, book covers, ~~and advertisements.~~
	* '''Fashion''': Designers may use collage to create mood boards or to design textiles.
	* '''Education''': ~~Collage is a popular activity in art education, helping students understand composition and creativity.~~

	==~~Related Pages~~==		* Paper (newspapers, magazines, colored paper)
			* Photographs
			* Fabric
			* Found objects (tickets, labels, etc.)
			* Paint and other traditional art materials

			==Significance==
			Collage is significant in art history for its role in challenging traditional notions of art and composition. It allows artists to explore themes of fragmentation, juxtaposition, and the blending of different realities. Collage has been used to address social, political, and cultural issues, making it a powerful tool for expression.

			==Contemporary Use==
			Today, collage continues to be a popular form of art, both in traditional and digital forms. It is used in various fields, including graphic design, advertising, and fashion. The versatility of collage allows artists to experiment with new ideas and techniques, keeping the art form dynamic and evolving.

			==Also see==
	* [[Cubism]]		* [[Cubism]]
	* [[Dada]]		* [[Dada]]
	* [[Pablo Picasso]]
	* [[Georges Braque]]
	* [[Henri Matisse]]
	* [[Kurt Schwitters]]
	* [[Hannah Höch]]
	* [[Photomontage]]		* [[Photomontage]]
	* [[Assemblage]]		* [[Assemblage (art)]]
			* [[Mixed media]]

			{{Art-stub}}

	~~==Categories==~~
	[[Category:Art techniques]]		[[Category:Art techniques]]
	[[Category:Visual arts]]		[[Category:Visual arts]]
	[[Category:~~Modern art~~]]		[[Category:Collage]]

	~~{{Art-stub}}~~

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[[file:DasUndbild.jpg|thumb|DasUndbild]] [[file:Hoch-Cut_With_the_Kitchen_Knife.jpg|thumb|Hoch-Cut With the Kitchen Knife|left]] [[file:Pablo_Picasso,_1913-14,_Head_(Tête),_cut_and_pasted_colored_paper,_gouache_and_charcoal_on_paperboard,_43.5_x_33_cm,_Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art,_Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|Pablo Picasso, 1913-14, Head (Tête), cut and pasted colored paper, gouache and charcoal on paperboard, 43.5 x 33 cm, Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh]] [[file:Dove_The_Intellectual.jpg|thumb|Dove The Intellectual|left]] [[file:OHNE_TITEL_(DAS_SCHACHBILD).PNG|thumb|OHNE TITEL (DAS SCHACHBILD)]] [[file:Blue_Nudes_Henri_Matisse.jpg|thumb|Blue Nudes Henri Matisse]] '''Collage''' is a technique of art creation, primarily used in the visual arts, where the artwork is made from an assemblage of different forms, creating a new whole. A collage may sometimes include magazine and newspaper clippings, ribbons, paint, bits of colored or handmade papers, portions of other artwork or texts, photographs, and other found objects, glued to a piece of paper or canvas.

==History==
The term "collage" derives from the French word "coller," meaning "to glue." This technique was first used as an art form in the early 20th century by artists such as [[Pablo Picasso]] and [[Georges Braque]]. These artists were part of the [[Cubism|Cubist movement]], which sought to challenge traditional perspectives in art.

==Techniques==
Collage techniques can vary widely. Some common methods include:
* '''Paper Collage''': Using cut-out pieces of paper, often from magazines or newspapers.
* '''Photomontage''': A type of collage that includes photographs or photographic elements.
* '''Assemblage''': A form of collage that incorporates three-dimensional objects.
* '''Digital Collage''': Created using digital tools and software.

==Notable Artists==
Several artists are renowned for their work with collage, including:
* [[Henri Matisse]]: Known for his "cut-outs" in his later years.
* [[Kurt Schwitters]]: A key figure in the [[Dada]] movement, known for his use of found objects.
* [[Hannah Höch]]: A pioneer of photomontage and a member of the Berlin Dada group.

==Applications==
Collage is not limited to fine art but is also used in various other fields:
* '''Graphic Design''': Collage techniques are often used in graphic design for creating posters, book covers, and advertisements.
* '''Fashion''': Designers may use collage to create mood boards or to design textiles.
* '''Education''': Collage is a popular activity in art education, helping students understand composition and creativity.

==Related Pages==
* [[Cubism]]
* [[Dada]]
* [[Pablo Picasso]]
* [[Georges Braque]]
* [[Henri Matisse]]
* [[Kurt Schwitters]]
* [[Hannah Höch]]
* [[Photomontage]]
* [[Assemblage]]

==Categories==
[[Category:Art techniques]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:Modern art]]

{{Art-stub}}