Colchicum - Revision history

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			<gallery>
			File:Colchicum speciosum000.jpg\|Colchicum speciosum
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 {{Short description|Information about the plant genus Colchicum and its medical uses}}
 '''Colchicum''' is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Colchicaceae]], commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron, or naked ladies. The genus is native to [[Europe]], [[North Africa]], and parts of [[Asia]].
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 * [[Familial Mediterranean fever]]
 * [[Mitotic inhibitor]]
 [[Category:Colchicaceae]]
 [[Category:Medicinal plants]]

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	[[File:Colchicum_speciosum000.jpg\|thumb\|Colchicum speciosum000\|thumb\|Colchicum speciosum000]] '''Colchicum''' is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family [[Colchicaceae]]. Commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron, or naked ladies, these plants are native to [[Europe]], [[North Africa]], and parts of [[Asia]]. The genus name is derived from the ancient region of [[Colchis]] in modern-day [[Georgia (country)\|Georgia]], where the plant was historically found.

	==~~Description~~==		{{Short description\|Information about the plant genus Colchicum and its medical uses}}
	~~Colchicum species are herbaceous perennials that grow from~~ [[~~corms~~]]~~. They produce flowers in the autumn, which are often mistaken for those of the true~~ [[~~crocus~~]]~~, a member of the~~ [[~~Iridaceae~~]] ~~family. The flowers are typically pink, purple, or white and have six tepals. The leaves of~~ Colchicum ~~appear in the spring and die back by early summer, leaving the flowers to emerge "naked" in the fall, hence the common name "naked ladies~~."		{{Infobox plant
			\| name = Colchicum
			\| image = Colchicum autumnale - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-193.jpg
			\| image_caption = ''Colchicum autumnale''
			\| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
			\| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
			\| unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
			\| ordo = [[Liliales]]
			\| familia = [[Colchicaceae]]
			\| genus = '''''Colchicum'''''
			\| genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus\|L.]]
			}}

	~~==Toxicity==~~		'''Colchicum''' is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Colchicaceae]], commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron, or naked ladies. The genus is native to [[Europe]], [[North Africa]], and parts of [[Asia]].
	~~All parts~~ of the ~~Colchicum plant contain toxic alkaloids, particularly~~ [[~~colchicine~~]], ~~which can be fatal if ingested~~. ~~Colchicine~~ is ~~a potent~~ [[~~mitosis\|mitotic~~]] ~~inhibitor and is used in medicine to treat conditions such as~~ [[~~gout~~]] and [[~~familial Mediterranean fever~~]]~~. However, due to its high toxicity, it must be used with caution~~.

	==~~Cultivation~~==		== Description ==
	Colchicum species are ~~often grown as ornamental plants in gardens~~. They ~~prefer well-drained soil and a sunny or partially shaded location~~. The ~~corms should be planted~~ in ~~late summer or early~~ autumn, ~~about 10 cm deep. Once established, they require minimal maintenance~~.		Colchicum species are perennial [[herbaceous plant]]s that grow from [[corm]]s. They are known for their large, showy flowers that resemble those of the true [[crocus]], although they are not closely related. The flowers typically bloom in autumn, hence the name "autumn crocus."

	==~~Species~~==		== Toxicity ==
	~~There are approximately 160 species within the genus Colchicum. Some~~ of the ~~notable species include:~~		All parts of the plant are toxic if ingested, containing [[alkaloid]]s such as [[colchicine]]. Colchicine is a potent [[mitotic inhibitor]] and is used in medicine to treat [[gout]] and [[familial Mediterranean fever]]. However, due to its toxicity, it must be used with caution.
	* ''[[~~Colchicum autumnale~~]]~~'' - Commonly known~~ as ~~autumn crocus or meadow saffron.~~
	* ''[[~~Colchicum speciosum~~]]~~'' - Known for its large, showy flowers~~.
	* ''[[~~Colchicum cilicicum~~]]~~'' - Native~~ to [[~~Turkey~~]] and ~~known for~~ its ~~vibrant pink flowers~~.

	==Uses==		== Medical Uses ==
	~~In addition to their ornamental value~~, ~~some~~ species ~~of Colchicum have been~~ used in ~~traditional medicine~~. ~~The primary medicinal compound, colchicine, is extracted from~~ the ~~corms and seeds~~ of the ~~plant~~. It ~~has been~~ used ~~to treat gout, pericarditis~~, and ~~other inflammatory conditions. However, due to its narrow therapeutic index, it is not commonly used without medical supervision~~.		Colchicine, derived from ''Colchicum'' species, is primarily used in the treatment of acute gout attacks. It works by reducing inflammation and decreasing the build-up of [[uric acid]] crystals in the joints. It is also used in the management of familial Mediterranean fever, a genetic disorder that causes recurrent fevers and inflammation.

	==~~Conservation~~==		== Cultivation ==
	~~Some~~ species ~~of Colchicum~~ are ~~considered threatened due to habitat loss~~ and ~~over-collection~~. ~~Conservation efforts~~ are in ~~place in various regions to protect these plants and their natural habitats~~.		''Colchicum'' species are cultivated for their attractive flowers. They prefer well-drained soil and a sunny position. The corms are typically planted in late summer or early autumn.

	~~==Gallery==~~		== See also ==
	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:Colchicum autumnale.jpg\|''Colchicum autumnale''~~
	~~File:Colchicum speciosum.jpg\|''Colchicum speciosum''~~
	~~File:Colchicum cilicicum.jpg\|''Colchicum cilicicum''~~
	~~</gallery>~~

	==See also==
	* [[Colchicaceae]]
	* [[Crocus]]
	* [[Gout]]		* [[Gout]]
			* [[Familial Mediterranean fever]]
	* [[Mitotic inhibitor]]		* [[Mitotic inhibitor]]

	==References==		== References ==
	{{~~Reflist~~}}		* {{cite book \|last=Grieve \|first=Maud \|title=A Modern Herbal \|year=1931 \|publisher=Tiger Books International \|isbn=978-1-85501-249-4}}
			* {{cite journal \|last=Ben-Chetrit \|first=Eli \|title=Colchicine: 1998 Update \|journal=Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism \|volume=28 \|issue=1 \|pages=48–59 \|year=1998 \|doi=10.1016/S0049-0172(98)80035-5}}

	==External links==		== External links ==
	~~{{Commons category\|~~Colchicum}}		* [https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Colchicum Colchicum on WikiMD]
	~~{{Wikispecies\|~~Colchicum}}

			{{Colchicaceae}}
	[[Category:Colchicaceae]]		[[Category:Colchicaceae]]
	[[Category:Medicinal plants]]		[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
	[[Category:~~Garden plants~~]]		[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
	[[Category:Flora of Europe]]		[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
			[[Category:Flora of North Africa]]
	[[Category:Flora of Asia]]		[[Category:Flora of Asia]]
	~~[[Category:Flora of North Africa]]~~

	~~{{nutrition-stub}}~~

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2024-05-26T00:44:27Z

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New page

[[File:Colchicum_speciosum000.jpg|thumb|Colchicum speciosum000|thumb|Colchicum speciosum000]] '''Colchicum''' is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family [[Colchicaceae]]. Commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron, or naked ladies, these plants are native to [[Europe]], [[North Africa]], and parts of [[Asia]]. The genus name is derived from the ancient region of [[Colchis]] in modern-day [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], where the plant was historically found.

==Description==
Colchicum species are herbaceous perennials that grow from [[corms]]. They produce flowers in the autumn, which are often mistaken for those of the true [[crocus]], a member of the [[Iridaceae]] family. The flowers are typically pink, purple, or white and have six tepals. The leaves of Colchicum appear in the spring and die back by early summer, leaving the flowers to emerge "naked" in the fall, hence the common name "naked ladies."

==Toxicity==
All parts of the Colchicum plant contain toxic alkaloids, particularly [[colchicine]], which can be fatal if ingested. Colchicine is a potent [[mitosis|mitotic]] inhibitor and is used in medicine to treat conditions such as [[gout]] and [[familial Mediterranean fever]]. However, due to its high toxicity, it must be used with caution.

==Cultivation==
Colchicum species are often grown as ornamental plants in gardens. They prefer well-drained soil and a sunny or partially shaded location. The corms should be planted in late summer or early autumn, about 10 cm deep. Once established, they require minimal maintenance.

==Species==
There are approximately 160 species within the genus Colchicum. Some of the notable species include:
* ''[[Colchicum autumnale]]'' - Commonly known as autumn crocus or meadow saffron.
* ''[[Colchicum speciosum]]'' - Known for its large, showy flowers.
* ''[[Colchicum cilicicum]]'' - Native to [[Turkey]] and known for its vibrant pink flowers.

==Uses==
In addition to their ornamental value, some species of Colchicum have been used in traditional medicine. The primary medicinal compound, colchicine, is extracted from the corms and seeds of the plant. It has been used to treat gout, pericarditis, and other inflammatory conditions. However, due to its narrow therapeutic index, it is not commonly used without medical supervision.

==Conservation==
Some species of Colchicum are considered threatened due to habitat loss and over-collection. Conservation efforts are in place in various regions to protect these plants and their natural habitats.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Colchicum autumnale.jpg|''Colchicum autumnale''
File:Colchicum speciosum.jpg|''Colchicum speciosum''
File:Colchicum cilicicum.jpg|''Colchicum cilicicum''
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Colchicaceae]]
* [[Crocus]]
* [[Gout]]
* [[Mitotic inhibitor]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Colchicum}}
{{Wikispecies|Colchicum}}

[[Category:Colchicaceae]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Garden plants]]
[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of North Africa]]

{{nutrition-stub}}