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	~~'''~~Circular folds''' (also known as '''plicae circulares''') are large valvular flaps protruding into the lumen of the [[small intestine]]. The circular folds, along with the [[villi]] and [[microvilli]], increase the surface area of the intestines and promote the absorption of nutrients.		== Circular Folds ==

	~~== Anatomy ==~~		[[File:Sobo_1906_376.png\|thumb\|right\|Illustration of circular folds in the small intestine]]

	~~The circular~~ folds are ~~not present~~ in the [[~~stomach~~]] ~~or the lowest part of~~ the [[~~duodenum~~]]~~, but they are present~~ for the ~~rest~~ of the ~~small~~ intestine, ~~becoming larger~~ and ~~closer together~~ as they ~~progress down~~ the [[~~ileum~~]]. ~~They~~ are ~~permanent features in the walls of these organs~~, ~~meaning they do not disappear when~~ the ~~intestines are empty~~.		Circular folds, also known as [[plicae circulares]], are permanent, transverse folds found in the lining of the [[small intestine]]. These structures are crucial for increasing the surface area available for [[absorption]] and for slowing the passage of [[chyme]] through the intestine, allowing more time for nutrients to be absorbed.

			== Structure ==

			Circular folds are most prominent in the [[jejunum]] and proximal [[ileum]], and they gradually decrease in size and number as they approach the distal ileum. Each fold is composed of a core of [[submucosa]] covered by a layer of [[mucosa]]. Unlike [[villi]] and [[microvilli]], which are microscopic, circular folds are visible to the naked eye.

	== Function ==		== Function ==

	The primary function of ~~the~~ circular folds is to ~~slow~~ the ~~passage~~ of the ~~partially digested food along the intestines, thus providing more time~~ for absorption. ~~This is achieved by~~ the ~~fact that they are not just simple protrusions, but rather they form spirals~~, which ~~causes~~ the [[chyme~~]] to spiral rather than move in a straight line down~~ the ~~intestines. This spiral movement promotes more efficient absorption by exposing the chyme to a greater surface area~~.		The primary function of circular folds is to increase the surface area of the intestinal lining. This enhancement is vital for efficient nutrient absorption. The folds also create a spiral motion as chyme moves through the intestine, which helps mix the chyme with digestive enzymes and facilitates contact with the absorptive surfaces.

			== Clinical Significance ==

	~~== Clinical significance ==~~		The presence and condition of circular folds can be assessed during diagnostic procedures such as [[endoscopy]]. Changes in the appearance of these folds can indicate various [[gastrointestinal disorders]], such as [[celiac disease]], where the folds may become flattened due to inflammation and damage to the intestinal lining.

	In certain diseases, such as [[celiac disease]], the circular folds, villi, and microvilli are damaged, leading to malabsorption of nutrients. This can lead to a variety of health problems, including [[malnutrition]], [[anemia]], and [[osteoporosis]].		== Related Pages ==

	~~== See also ==~~
	* [[Small intestine]]		* [[Small intestine]]
	* [[Villi]]		* [[Villi]]
	* [[Microvilli]]		* [[Microvilli]]
	* [[~~Celiac disease~~]]		* [[Jejunum]]
			* [[Ileum]]
	~~== References ==~~
	~~<references />~~

	[[Category:Anatomy]]		[[Category:Anatomy]]
	~~[[Category:Digestive system]]~~
	~~{{stub}}~~

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2024-02-20T05:37:30Z

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'''Circular folds''' (also known as '''plicae circulares''') are large valvular flaps protruding into the lumen of the [[small intestine]]. The circular folds, along with the [[villi]] and [[microvilli]], increase the surface area of the intestines and promote the absorption of nutrients.

== Anatomy ==

The circular folds are not present in the [[stomach]] or the lowest part of the [[duodenum]], but they are present for the rest of the small intestine, becoming larger and closer together as they progress down the [[ileum]]. They are permanent features in the walls of these organs, meaning they do not disappear when the intestines are empty.

== Function ==

The primary function of the circular folds is to slow the passage of the partially digested food along the intestines, thus providing more time for absorption. This is achieved by the fact that they are not just simple protrusions, but rather they form spirals, which causes the [[chyme]] to spiral rather than move in a straight line down the intestines. This spiral movement promotes more efficient absorption by exposing the chyme to a greater surface area.

== Clinical significance ==

In certain diseases, such as [[celiac disease]], the circular folds, villi, and microvilli are damaged, leading to malabsorption of nutrients. This can lead to a variety of health problems, including [[malnutrition]], [[anemia]], and [[osteoporosis]].

== See also ==
* [[Small intestine]]
* [[Villi]]
* [[Microvilli]]
* [[Celiac disease]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Anatomy]]
[[Category:Digestive system]]
{{stub}}

Circular folds - Revision history

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