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2025-02-18T04:43:28Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 04:43, 18 February 2025
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	[[Category:Human chromosomes]]		[[Category:Human chromosomes]]
	[[Category:Genetics]]		[[Category:Genetics]]
			<gallery>
			File:Human_male_karyotpe_high_resolution_-_Chromosome_2_cropped.png\|Chromosome 2 cropped from high resolution karyotype
			File:Human_male_karyotpe_high_resolution_-_Chromosome_2.png\|Chromosome 2 from high resolution karyotype
			File:Chromosome2_merge.png\|Merged image of Chromosome 2
			File:Human_chromosome_2_ideogram_vertical.svg\|Ideogram of Human Chromosome 2
			File:Human_chromosome_02_-_400_550_850_bphs.png\|Human Chromosome 2 at 400, 550, and 850 bphs
			</gallery>

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2024-03-10T21:48:57Z

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'''Chromosome 2''' is one of the 23 pairs of [[chromosome|chromosomes]] in [[human]]s. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 2 is the second largest human chromosome, spanning more than 242 million [[base pair]]s and representing almost 8% of the total [[DNA]] in [[cell (biology)|cells]].

== Structure ==
Chromosome 2 is likely a result of an end-to-end fusion of two ancestral chromosomes. The evidence for this includes:
* The correspondence of chromosome 2 to two ape chromosomes. The closest human relative, the [[bonobo]], has near-identical DNA sequences to human chromosome 2, but they are found in two separate chromosomes. The same is true of the more distant [[gorilla]] and [[orangutan]].
* The presence of a vestigial [[centromere]]. Normally a chromosome has just one active centromere, but in chromosome 2 there are remnants of a second centromere.
* The presence of vestigial [[telomere]]s. These are normally found only at the ends of a chromosome, but in chromosome 2 there are additional telomere sequences in the middle.

== Genes ==
Chromosome 2 contains over 1,400 [[gene]]s, which code for various proteins and molecules in the body. Some of the genes on this chromosome include:
* [[ALMS1]]: This gene is associated with Alström syndrome.
* [[COL3A1]]: This gene codes for type III collagen, which is found in extensible connective tissues such as skin, lung, and the vascular system.
* [[COL5A2]]: This gene codes for type V collagen, which is found in tissues containing type I collagen and appears to regulate the assembly of the fibrils.

== Diseases and disorders ==
Several diseases and disorders are associated with genes on chromosome 2, including:
* [[Alström syndrome]]
* [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
* [[Mucolipidosis]]
* [[Harlequin type ichthyosis]]
* [[Lactose intolerance]]
* [[Parkinson's disease]]

== See also ==
* [[List of human chromosomes]]

== References ==
<references />

{{Chromosomes}}
{{Human chromosomes}}
{{medicine-stub}}

[[Category:Chromosomes]]
[[Category:Human chromosomes]]
[[Category:Genetics]]

Chromosome 2 - Revision history

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