https://wikimd.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Chinese_law 2026-04-27T08:11:36Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.44.2 https://wikimd.org/index.php?title=Chinese_law&diff=6293495&oldid=prev 2025-02-15T10:56:40Z

<p>CSV import</p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:56, 15 February 2025</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Chinese law''' refers to the legal system <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">that is implemented in </del>[[People's Republic of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">China|</del>China]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, excluding [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]]</del>, which <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">have separate </del>legal <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">systems</del>. The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Chinese </del>legal <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">system </del>is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">primarily </del>based on the [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Civil law (legal system)|civil law</del>]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">model</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with influences from </del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Socialist law</del>|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">socialist legal systems</del>]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{short description|Overview of Chinese law}}</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{Chinese text|_}}</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Chinese law''' refers to the legal system <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of the </ins>[[People's Republic of China]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(PRC)</ins>, which <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is a socialist </ins>legal <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">system with Chinese characteristics</ins>. The legal <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">framework in China </ins>is based on the [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Constitution of the People's Republic of China]], various laws enacted by the [[National People's Congress</ins>]], <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and regulations issued by the </ins>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">State Council of the People's Republic of China</ins>|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">State Council</ins>]].</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==History==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==History==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">history </del>of Chinese law <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">spans thousands of years</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">from the </del>[[Legalism (Chinese philosophy)|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Legalist</del>]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">philosophies of the [[Qin Dynasty]] to the </del>modern legal system <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of the People's Republic of China. The [[Qing Dynasty]] saw the introduction of </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Great Qing Legal Code]], which remained in effect until the end </del>of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">dynasty </del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1912. The [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] period saw the introduction of the [[Civil Code of the Republic of China|Civil Code]], which was influenced by the German and Swiss civil codes</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">development </ins>of Chinese law <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">has been influenced by traditional Chinese legal thought</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">such as [[Confucianism]] and </ins>[[Legalism (Chinese philosophy)|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Legalism</ins>]]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, as well as Western legal systems. The </ins>modern legal system <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">began to take shape after </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">establishment </ins>of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">PRC </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1949</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Legal System==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Legal System==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The legal system <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of the People's Republic of China </del>is a [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Socialist </del>law<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|socialist legal system</del>]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with </del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Chinese characteristics</del>]]. It is primarily based <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">on the [[Civil law (legal system)|civil law]] model</del>, with <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">elements of [[Socialist law|socialist law]]. The </del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Constitution of the </del>People's <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Republic of China|Constitution</del>]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is the supreme law of </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">land, and all other laws must be consistent with it</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Chinese </ins>legal system is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">characterized by </ins>a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">combination of </ins>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">civil </ins>law]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </ins>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">socialist law</ins>]]. It is primarily <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">statute-</ins>based, with <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the </ins>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">National </ins>People's <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Congress</ins>]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and its Standing Committee serving as </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">highest legislative bodies</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Legislation</del>==</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=Constitution=</ins>==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Legislation in China is enacted by the </del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">National </del>People's <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Congress</del>]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">highest organ </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">state power</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The [[Standing Committee </del>of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">National People's Congress]] also has </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">power to enact </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">amend laws</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">except for those that should be enacted by </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">National People's Congress itself</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </ins>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Constitution of the </ins>People's <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Republic of China</ins>]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">supreme law </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the land</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">It outlines the structure </ins>of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">government, </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">rights </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">duties of citizens</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and the fundamental principles of </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">state</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Judiciary</del>==</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=Legislation=</ins>==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The judiciary </del>in China <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">includes </del>the [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Supreme </del>People's <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Court</del>]], <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the highest court </del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the land, and </del>the [[Supreme People's <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Procuratorate</del>]], <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the highest prosecutorial organ</del>. The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">judiciary is </del>responsible for the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">administration of justice</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">including the trial of cases and </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">enforcement </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">judgments</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Legislation </ins>in China <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is enacted by </ins>the [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">National People's Congress]] and its Standing Committee. The [[State Council of the </ins>People's <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Republic of China|State Council</ins>]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">issues administrative regulations</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">while local governments can issue local regulations.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">===Judiciary===</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File:China_court_room.jpg|thumb|right|A courtroom in China]]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The judiciary </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">China is composed of </ins>the [[Supreme People's <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Court</ins>]], <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">local people's courts, and special courts</ins>. The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">courts are </ins>responsible for <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">interpreting and applying </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">law</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">but they do not have </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">power </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">judicial review</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Criminal Law==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Criminal Law==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Criminal </del>law in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">China]] is governed by </del>the [[Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China]], <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">which defines crimes </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">their punishments. The [[Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China]] governs </del>the procedures for <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">criminal trials</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Chinese criminal </ins>law <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is codified </ins>in the [[Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China]]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. It defines criminal offenses, penalties</ins>, and the procedures for <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">prosecution and trial</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Civil Law==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Civil Law==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Civil law in China]] is governed by the </del>[[Civil Code of the People's Republic of China]], <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">which </del>was <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">adopted </del>in 2020. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">It covers areas such as property rights, contract </del>law<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, family law, </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inheritance </del>law.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </ins>[[Civil Code of the People's Republic of China]] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">governs civil matters, including contracts, property, family law</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and torts. It is a comprehensive code that </ins>was <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">enacted </ins>in 2020.</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==Administrative Law==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Administrative </ins>law <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in China regulates the activities of administrative agencies </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ensures that they act within the </ins>law<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Citizens can challenge administrative actions through administrative litigation</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">See Also</del>==</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Related pages</ins>==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Law enforcement in </del>China]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Constitution of the People's Republic of </ins>China]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Human rights in China</del>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">National People's Congress</ins>]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Legal history of China</del>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Supreme People's Court</ins>]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Legal reform in </del>China]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Civil Code of the People's Republic of </ins>China]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Chinese law</del>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Law of China</ins>]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Legal systems]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Legal systems]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Law by country]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{Law-stub}}</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> </table>

Prab https://wikimd.org/index.php?title=Chinese_law&diff=5328387&oldid=prev 2024-02-28T23:26:52Z

<p>CSV import</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>&#039;&#039;&#039;Chinese law&#039;&#039;&#039; refers to the legal system that is implemented in [[People&#039;s Republic of China|China]], excluding [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]], which have separate legal systems. The Chinese legal system is primarily based on the [[Civil law (legal system)|civil law]] model, with influences from [[Socialist law|socialist legal systems]].<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> The history of Chinese law spans thousands of years, from the [[Legalism (Chinese philosophy)|Legalist]] philosophies of the [[Qin Dynasty]] to the modern legal system of the People&#039;s Republic of China. The [[Qing Dynasty]] saw the introduction of the [[Great Qing Legal Code]], which remained in effect until the end of the dynasty in 1912. The [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] period saw the introduction of the [[Civil Code of the Republic of China|Civil Code]], which was influenced by the German and Swiss civil codes.<br /> <br /> ==Legal System==<br /> The legal system of the People&#039;s Republic of China is a [[Socialist law|socialist legal system]] with [[Chinese characteristics]]. It is primarily based on the [[Civil law (legal system)|civil law]] model, with elements of [[Socialist law|socialist law]]. The [[Constitution of the People&#039;s Republic of China|Constitution]] is the supreme law of the land, and all other laws must be consistent with it.<br /> <br /> ==Legislation==<br /> Legislation in China is enacted by the [[National People&#039;s Congress]], the highest organ of state power. The [[Standing Committee of the National People&#039;s Congress]] also has the power to enact and amend laws, except for those that should be enacted by the National People&#039;s Congress itself.<br /> <br /> ==Judiciary==<br /> The judiciary in China includes the [[Supreme People&#039;s Court]], the highest court in the land, and the [[Supreme People&#039;s Procuratorate]], the highest prosecutorial organ. The judiciary is responsible for the administration of justice, including the trial of cases and the enforcement of judgments.<br /> <br /> ==Criminal Law==<br /> [[Criminal law in China]] is governed by the [[Criminal Law of the People&#039;s Republic of China]], which defines crimes and their punishments. The [[Criminal Procedure Law of the People&#039;s Republic of China]] governs the procedures for criminal trials.<br /> <br /> ==Civil Law==<br /> [[Civil law in China]] is governed by the [[Civil Code of the People&#039;s Republic of China]], which was adopted in 2020. It covers areas such as property rights, contract law, family law, and inheritance law.<br /> <br /> ==See Also==<br /> * [[Law enforcement in China]]<br /> * [[Human rights in China]]<br /> * [[Legal history of China]]<br /> * [[Legal reform in China]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Chinese law]]<br /> [[Category:Legal systems]]<br /> [[Category:Law by country]]<br /> {{Law-stub}}</div>

Prab