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2024-12-11T03:00:14Z

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-Biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow.
+{{Short description|The act of using the teeth to grind food in the mouth}}
-=== Chewing Cycle ===
+'''Chewing''', also known as '''mastication''', is the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth. It is the first step of [[digestion]] and increases the surface area of foods to allow more efficient breakdown by [[enzymes]].
-Masticatory frequency is variable. It is usually one to two strokes per second. When the chewing cycle is recorded in the sagittal plane using a pantograph, a characteristic ‘teardrop tracing’ is obtained. When the mandible moves along the posterior incline (PI) of the teardrop, food is sliced by the cuspal inclines. The apex of the tracing is formed when the opposing teeth are in cusp to fossa relationship (CO) and trituration of food occurs. Finally as the mandible moves to make the anterior
+==Process==
-incline (AI) of the teardrop, dispersion of churned food along the sluiceways occur.
+Chewing is a complex process that involves the coordinated action of the [[jaw]], [[teeth]], [[tongue]], and [[cheeks]]. The process begins when food is placed in the mouth and the [[teeth]] begin to break it down into smaller pieces. The [[saliva]] produced by the [[salivary glands]] mixes with the food to form a [[bolus]], which can be easily swallowed.
-{{stub}}
+The [[muscles of mastication]], which include the [[masseter]], [[temporalis]], and [[pterygoid]] muscles, are responsible for the movement of the jaw during chewing. These muscles are controlled by the [[trigeminal nerve]], which is the fifth cranial nerve.
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Prab: CSV import

2024-02-20T13:51:13Z

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Biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow.

=== Chewing Cycle ===
Murphy summarized six phases in the chewing cycle. They are:
==== Preparatory phase ====
In this phase the tongue positions the food within the oral cavity and the mandible deviates towards the chewing side.
==== Food contact phase ====
This is a phase of momentary hesitation in movement that occurs due to triggering of sensory receptors due to food contact.
==== Crushing phase ====
This starts with high velocity and slows down as food gets crushed. Gibbs in 1969 observed that when the central incisor
is about 5 mm from closure, the jaw motion is stabilized at the working condyle and the following final closing stroke is guided by this ‘braced’ condyle.
==== Phase of tooth contact ====
With slight change in direction without delay. Here all the reflex muscular adjustments for tooth contact are made.
==== Grinding phase ====
In this phase, there is grinding movement guided by the maxillary and mandibular occlusal tables.
==== Centric occlusion ====
The mandible returns to a single terminal point before it goes into the preparatory phase.

Masticatory frequency is variable. It is usually one to two strokes per second. When the chewing cycle is recorded in the sagittal plane using a pantograph, a characteristic ‘teardrop tracing’ is obtained. When the mandible moves along the posterior incline (PI) of the teardrop, food is sliced by the cuspal inclines. The apex of the tracing is formed when the opposing teeth are in cusp to fossa relationship (CO) and trituration of food occurs. Finally as the mandible moves to make the anterior
incline (AI) of the teardrop, dispersion of churned food along the sluiceways occur.

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{{dictionary-stub1}}

Chewing - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import