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	~~'''~~Cellular microbiology''' is an interdisciplinary field that bridges the gap between [[microbiology]] and [[cell biology]]. It involves the study of microbial cells, including their physiological and molecular processes, and their interactions with host cells.		{{DISPLAYTITLE:Cellular Microbiology}}

	== ~~History~~ ==		== Overview ==
			[[File:SalmonellaNIAID.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Salmonella bacteria, a common subject in cellular microbiology studies.]]
			'''Cellular microbiology''' is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of [[microbiology]] and [[cell biology]]. It focuses on the interactions between [[microorganisms]] and [[host cells]], particularly the mechanisms by which pathogens invade, survive, and replicate within host cells. This field has provided significant insights into the [[pathogenesis]] of infectious diseases and the cellular processes of both pathogens and host cells.

	The ~~field of~~ cellular microbiology was ~~established~~ in the late 20th century~~, following advances in molecular biology and~~ cell biology. ~~It has since grown to encompass a wide range~~ of ~~research areas, including~~ [[~~bacterial pathogenesis~~]], [[~~viral pathogenesis~~]], and ~~[[parasitology]]~~.		== Historical Background ==
			The term "cellular microbiology" was first coined in the late 20th century as researchers began to apply cell biology techniques to study microbial infections. The advent of advanced [[microscopy]] and [[molecular biology]] tools has allowed scientists to observe the intricate interactions between pathogens and host cells at a molecular level.

	== ~~Scope~~ ==		== Key Concepts ==

	Cellular microbiology ~~incorporates elements of both microbiology and cell biology~~, ~~allowing for a comprehensive understanding of microbial cells~~ and ~~their interactions~~ with host cells. This includes the ~~study~~ of ~~microbial~~ [[~~cell structure~~]], [[~~gene expression~~]], and [[~~metabolism~~]], ~~as well as~~ the ~~mechanisms by which microbes cause disease~~.		=== Pathogen-Host Interactions ===
			Cellular microbiology examines how pathogens such as [[bacteria]], [[viruses]], and [[fungi]] interact with host cells. This includes studying the mechanisms of [[adhesion]], [[invasion]], and [[evasion]] of host immune responses. For example, the bacterium ''[[Salmonella]]'' can invade intestinal epithelial cells and survive within [[phagosomes]].

	== ~~Techniques~~ ==		=== Intracellular Pathogens ===
			Some pathogens, known as intracellular pathogens, have evolved to live and replicate inside host cells. Cellular microbiology explores how these pathogens manipulate host cell processes to create a favorable environment for their survival. ''[[Listeria monocytogenes]]'' and ''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]'' are examples of intracellular bacteria studied in this field.

	~~Cellular microbiologists employ a variety of techniques to study microbial cells~~. These ~~include~~ [[~~microscopy~~]], [[~~genetic engineering~~]], and [[~~bioinformatics~~]]~~, among others~~. ~~These techniques allow researchers to visualize microbial cells, manipulate their genes, and analyze their genetic information~~.		=== Host Cell Manipulation ===
			Pathogens often secrete [[effector proteins]] that alter host cell functions. These proteins can modulate [[signal transduction]] pathways, [[cytoskeleton]] dynamics, and [[apoptosis]] to benefit the pathogen. Understanding these interactions helps in developing therapeutic strategies against infectious diseases.

	== ~~Applications~~ ==		== Techniques and Tools ==

			=== Microscopy ===
			Advanced microscopy techniques, such as [[confocal microscopy]] and [[electron microscopy]], are crucial in cellular microbiology. These tools allow researchers to visualize the interactions between pathogens and host cells in real-time and at high resolution.

			=== Molecular Biology ===
			[[Genetic engineering]] and [[genomics]] are used to study the genes and proteins involved in pathogen-host interactions. Techniques such as [[CRISPR-Cas9]] and [[RNA interference]] enable the manipulation of specific genes to understand their roles in infection.

	~~The findings of cellular microbiology have numerous applications, particularly in~~ the ~~fields~~ of ~~[[medicine]]~~ and ~~[[biotechnology]]~~. ~~For example, understanding the mechanisms by which microbes cause disease can aid~~ in ~~the~~ development ~~of new treatments and vaccines. Similarly, knowledge of microbial metabolism can be used to engineer microbes for the production of biofuels and other valuable products~~.		=== Biochemical Assays ===
			Biochemical assays are employed to study the activity of enzymes and other proteins involved in infection processes. These assays help in identifying potential targets for drug development.

	== ~~See also~~ ==		== Applications ==
			Cellular microbiology has applications in [[vaccine]] development, [[antibiotic]] discovery, and understanding [[antimicrobial resistance]]. By elucidating the mechanisms of infection, researchers can design better strategies to prevent and treat infectious diseases.

			== Related Pages ==
	* [[Microbiology]]		* [[Microbiology]]
	* [[Cell biology]]		* [[Cell biology]]
	* [[~~Molecular biology~~]]		* [[Pathogenesis]]
	* [[~~Bacterial pathogenesis~~]]		* [[Infectious disease]]
	* [[~~Viral pathogenesis~~]]		* [[Immunology]]
	* [[Parasitology]]

	~~== References ==~~

	~~{{reflist}}~~

	[[Category:Microbiology]]		[[Category:Microbiology]]
	[[Category:Cell biology]]		[[Category:Cell biology]]
	~~[[Category:Molecular biology]]~~
	~~[[Category:Interdisciplinary fields]]~~
	~~{{Microbiology-stub}}~~

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'''Cellular microbiology''' is an interdisciplinary field that bridges the gap between [[microbiology]] and [[cell biology]]. It involves the study of microbial cells, including their physiological and molecular processes, and their interactions with host cells.

== History ==

The field of cellular microbiology was established in the late 20th century, following advances in molecular biology and cell biology. It has since grown to encompass a wide range of research areas, including [[bacterial pathogenesis]], [[viral pathogenesis]], and [[parasitology]].

== Scope ==

Cellular microbiology incorporates elements of both microbiology and cell biology, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of microbial cells and their interactions with host cells. This includes the study of microbial [[cell structure]], [[gene expression]], and [[metabolism]], as well as the mechanisms by which microbes cause disease.

== Techniques ==

Cellular microbiologists employ a variety of techniques to study microbial cells. These include [[microscopy]], [[genetic engineering]], and [[bioinformatics]], among others. These techniques allow researchers to visualize microbial cells, manipulate their genes, and analyze their genetic information.

== Applications ==

The findings of cellular microbiology have numerous applications, particularly in the fields of [[medicine]] and [[biotechnology]]. For example, understanding the mechanisms by which microbes cause disease can aid in the development of new treatments and vaccines. Similarly, knowledge of microbial metabolism can be used to engineer microbes for the production of biofuels and other valuable products.

== See also ==

* [[Microbiology]]
* [[Cell biology]]
* [[Molecular biology]]
* [[Bacterial pathogenesis]]
* [[Viral pathogenesis]]
* [[Parasitology]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Microbiology]]
[[Category:Cell biology]]
[[Category:Molecular biology]]
[[Category:Interdisciplinary fields]]
{{Microbiology-stub}}

Cellular microbiology - Revision history

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