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[[File:Campeche_in_Mexico.svg_|Campeche in Mexico|thumb]] [[File:Campeche_state_and_its_neighbors,_with_new_border.svg_|Campeche state and its neighbors, with new border|thumb|left]] [[File:Morena_logo_(Mexico).svg|Morena logo (Mexico)|thumb|left]] [[File:Morena_logo_(Mexico).svg|Morena logo (Mexico)|thumb]] [[File:PRI_logo_(Mexico).svg|PRI logo (Mexico)|thumb]] '''Campeche''' is a state located in the southeastern region of [[Mexico]], bordered by the states of [[Yucatán]] to the northeast, [[Quintana Roo]] to the east, and [[Tabasco]] to the southwest. To the south, it shares an international border with [[Guatemala]] and to the west and northwest, it has a significant coastline along the [[Gulf of Mexico]]. The state capital is the city of [[San Francisco de Campeche]], commonly known as Campeche.

==History==
The area now known as Campeche has a rich history that dates back to the pre-Columbian era, being part of the [[Maya civilization]]. The region was known for its strategic coastal cities and as a center for trade. The arrival of the [[Spanish]] in the 16th century led to the establishment of Campeche as a key port in the colonial trade network, particularly for the export of [[logwood]], a dye wood that was highly valued in Europe.

Following [[Mexico]]'s independence from Spain, Campeche became a state in 1863. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the state experienced periods of economic fluctuation, largely tied to the agricultural and petroleum sectors.

==Geography==
Campeche is characterized by a diverse landscape that includes coastal areas, rainforests, and wetlands. The state is part of the larger [[Yucatán Peninsula]], which is known for its flat limestone platform and lack of significant surface water bodies, as water tends to percolate through the porous soil to form underground rivers and [[cenotes]] (natural sinkholes).

The state's climate is tropical, with a wet and dry season. The coastal regions are particularly susceptible to hurricanes during the Atlantic hurricane season.

==Economy==
The economy of Campeche is primarily based on [[petroleum]] extraction and processing, [[fishing]], and [[tourism]]. The state is rich in offshore oil fields, which have been a significant source of revenue since the 1970s. Tourism is also an important economic activity, with visitors drawn to the state's historical sites, colonial architecture, and natural beauty, including the [[Calakmul]] Biosphere Reserve, a [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]].

==Culture==
Campeche's culture is a blend of indigenous Maya heritage and Spanish colonial influence. This is evident in the state's architecture, cuisine, and festivals. The historic fortified city of Campeche, with its well-preserved colonial architecture and defensive walls, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a prime example of the military architecture of the 17th and 18th centuries.

The state is also known for its traditional music and dance, handicrafts, and cuisine, which features a mix of Maya, Spanish, and Caribbean influences.

==Tourism==
Tourism in Campeche offers a mix of cultural, historical, and natural attractions. Key sites include the ancient Maya ruins of [[Calakmul]], [[Edzná]], and the [[Cenotes]] of Candelaria. The state's natural reserves, such as the Ría Celestún Biosphere Reserve, are important habitats for flamingos and other wildlife. The city of Campeche itself is a popular destination for its well-preserved colonial architecture, vibrant street life, and cultural festivals.

[[Category:States of Mexico]]
[[Category:Campeche]]
{{Mexico-stub}}

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