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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:Caatinga-400x300.jpg|thumb|Caatinga-400x300]] [[file:Brazil_veg_1977.jpg|right|thumb|Brazil_veg_1977]] [[file:Chapada_diamantina..jpg|right|thumb|Chapada_diamantina.]] [[file:Do_alto_da_montanha_-_from_the_top_mountain_-_panoramio.jpg|thumb|Do_alto_da_montanha_-_from_the_top_mountain_-_panoramio]] [[file:Combatente_da_Caatinga_(26427352440).jpg|thumb|Combatente_da_Caatinga_(26427352440)]] [[file:Caatinga.jpg|thumb|Caatinga]] [[file:Mandacaru_(Cereus_jamacaru)_01.jpg|thumb|Mandacaru_(Cereus_jamacaru)_01]] '''Caatinga'''<br />
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[[File:Caatinga.jpg|thumb|Caatinga landscape]]<br />
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The '''Caatinga''' is a type of [[xeric shrubland]] and [[thorn forest]] unique to [[Brazil]]. It is characterized by its semi-arid climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons, and is predominantly found in the northeastern part of the country. The name "Caatinga" comes from the [[Tupi language]] and means "white forest," referring to the pale color of the vegetation during the dry season.<br />
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==Geography==<br />
The Caatinga covers an area of approximately 850,000 square kilometers, making it the largest dry forest region in South America. It spans across several Brazilian states, including [[Bahia]], [[Ceará]], [[Paraíba]], [[Pernambuco]], [[Piauí]], [[Rio Grande do Norte]], [[Sergipe]], and parts of [[Alagoas]] and [[Maranhão]].<br />
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==Climate==<br />
The climate of the Caatinga is classified as [[semi-arid]], with average annual rainfall ranging from 500 to 800 millimeters. The region experiences a prolonged dry season, lasting from six to eleven months, and a short, irregular rainy season. Temperatures can vary significantly, with averages ranging from 24°C to 26°C, but can reach as high as 40°C during the hottest months.<br />
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==Flora==<br />
The vegetation of the Caatinga is adapted to the harsh climatic conditions. It includes a variety of [[xerophytic]] plants, such as [[cacti]], [[succulents]], and [[thorny shrubs]]. Common plant species include the [[mandacaru]] (''Cereus jamacaru''), [[xique-xique]] (''Pilosocereus gounellei''), and the [[juazeiro]] (''Ziziphus joazeiro''). Many plants have developed deep root systems and water-storing tissues to survive the dry season.<br />
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==Fauna==<br />
The Caatinga is home to a diverse array of animal species, many of which are endemic to the region. Notable fauna include the [[Caatinga parakeet]] (''Eupsittula cactorum''), the [[three-banded armadillo]] (''Tolypeutes tricinctus''), and the [[Caatinga cacholote]] (''Pseudoseisura cristata''). The region also supports various reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates adapted to the arid environment.<br />
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==Conservation==<br />
The Caatinga faces several environmental threats, including [[deforestation]], [[desertification]], and [[climate change]]. Human activities such as agriculture, livestock grazing, and logging have significantly impacted the region's biodiversity. Conservation efforts are underway to protect and restore the Caatinga, including the establishment of protected areas and sustainable land management practices.<br />
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==Related Pages==<br />
* [[Xeric shrubland]]<br />
* [[Thorn forest]]<br />
* [[Semi-arid climate]]<br />
* [[Brazil]]<br />
* [[Biodiversity]]<br />
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==Categories==<br />
[[Category:Biomes]]<br />
[[Category:Geography of Brazil]]<br />
[[Category:Forests of Brazil]]<br />
[[Category:Deserts and xeric shrublands]]<br />
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