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'''CD43''', also known as '''sialophorin''', is a [[glycoprotein]] that is predominantly expressed on the surface of various [[immune cells]], including [[T cells]], [[B cells]], [[macrophages]], and [[granulocytes]]. This protein plays a crucial role in the modulation of [[cell adhesion]] and [[immune response]] mechanisms.

== Structure ==
CD43 is characterized by a large, heavily [[glycosylation|glycosylated]] extracellular domain, a transmembrane region, and a short cytoplasmic tail. The extensive glycosylation of the extracellular domain, which consists mostly of [[sialic acid]] residues, is critical for its function and interaction with other cellular components.

== Function ==
The primary function of CD43 is to regulate [[cell-cell interactions]] within the immune system. It acts as an anti-adhesion molecule, meaning it generally inhibits the binding of cells to one another, facilitating the free movement of immune cells through the [[bloodstream]] and into tissues. This anti-adhesive property is crucial during the immune response, particularly in the migration of [[T cells]] to sites of infection or inflammation.

CD43 also transmits intracellular signals that can influence cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. The cytoplasmic tail of CD43 interacts with various signaling molecules and plays a role in the activation pathways of T cells and other immune cells.

== Clinical Significance ==
Alterations in the expression or function of CD43 have been implicated in several diseases. In [[cancer]], CD43 expression can be altered in [[leukemia]] cells, affecting the behavior and survival of these cells. Additionally, because of its role in immune cell trafficking, CD43 has been studied in the context of [[autoimmune diseases]], where improper immune cell activation and migration are common features.

== Research ==
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the detailed mechanisms by which CD43 regulates immune responses and its potential as a therapeutic target in diseases involving the immune system. Studies are also exploring the role of CD43 in tumor progression and metastasis, given its function in cell movement and interaction.

[[Category:Glycoproteins]]
[[Category:Immune system]]
[[Category:Cell biology]]

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CD43 - Revision history

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