https://wikimd.com/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=ButeneButene - Revision history2026-04-08T04:50:30ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.44.2https://wikimd.com/index.php?title=Butene&diff=5635862&oldid=prevPrab: CSV import2024-04-19T23:17:27Z<p>CSV import</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[Image:1-butene.svg|1-butene|thumb]] [[Image:1-Butene.svg|1-Butene|thumb|left]] [[Image:But-1-ene-3D-balls.png|But-1-ene-3D-balls|thumb|left]] [[Image:Cis-2-butene.svg|Cis-2-butene|thumb]] [[Image:Cis-but-2-ene-2D-skeletal.png|Cis-but-2-ene-2D-skeletal|thumb]] '''Butene''', also known as '''butylene''', refers to a group of [[alkene]]s with the chemical formula C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>. It exists in several [[isomer]]s, including 1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, and isobutene (2-methylpropene). Butenes are colourless gases that are important as feedstocks in the [[petrochemical]] industry, particularly in the production of [[polymer]]s and other chemicals.<br />
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==Isomers==<br />
Butene has four isomers, which differ in the position and geometry of the double bond or the branching of the carbon chain:<br />
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* '''1-Butene''': An alpha-olefin with the double bond between the first and second carbon atoms.<br />
* '''cis-2-Butene''': Features a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms, with the methyl groups on the same side.<br />
* '''trans-2-Butene''': Similar to cis-2-butene but with the methyl groups on opposite sides of the double bond, making it more stable.<br />
* '''Isobutene (2-methylpropene)''': A branched isomer with a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms and a methyl group on the second carbon.<br />
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==Production==<br />
Butenes are primarily produced through the [[cracking]] of long-chain hydrocarbons in [[naphtha]], [[gas oil]], and [[natural gas]]. Steam cracking is a common method, where hydrocarbons are heated in the presence of steam to produce a mixture of alkenes, including butenes. Catalytic cracking is another process used to convert heavy petroleum fractions into lighter, more valuable products like butenes.<br />
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==Uses==<br />
Butenes are versatile compounds used in the synthesis of various chemicals and materials. Major applications include:<br />
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* '''Polymer production''': Butenes are key monomers in the production of [[polybutene]] and other polymers. For example, 1-butene is polymerized to make polybutene, while isobutene is used to make butyl rubber.<br />
* '''Alkylate production''': Butenes are used in the alkylation process to produce high-octane gasoline components.<br />
* '''Chemical synthesis''': Butenes serve as intermediates in the manufacture of a wide range of chemicals, including [[butanone]], [[sec-butyl alcohol]], and [[tert-butyl alcohol]].<br />
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==Environmental and Health Aspects==<br />
Butenes, like other hydrocarbons, can have environmental and health impacts. They are volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can contribute to the formation of ground-level [[ozone]] and [[smog]]. Exposure to butenes can cause respiratory issues and irritation of the eyes and skin. Proper handling and control measures are essential to minimize exposure and environmental release.<br />
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==See Also==<br />
* [[Alkene]]<br />
* [[Petrochemical industry]]<br />
* [[Polymer]]<br />
* [[Cracking (chemistry)]]<br />
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[[Category:Alkenes]]<br />
[[Category:Petrochemicals]]<br />
[[Category:Industrial gases]]<br />
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