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2024-04-15T03:08:23Z

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[[File:Transjakarta_MYS_18116_at_Gambir.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Transmetro_en_Ciudad_de_Guatemala.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Elevated_busway_at_Runcorn_Shopping_City.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Curitiba_04_2006_06_RIT.jpg|thumb]] '''Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)''' is a [[public transport]] system designed to improve capacity and reliability relative to a conventional [[bus]] system. Typically, BRT systems include dedicated lanes, bus-only roadways, and priority at intersections to deliver fast and efficient service. The concept combines various elements of [[rail transit]] and traditional bus services to offer a high-quality, rapid transit experience that can be developed at a fraction of the cost of light rail systems.

==Overview==
BRT systems are characterized by their high level of service, speed, and capacity. Key features often include:
* '''Dedicated Lanes:''' Buses run on exclusive or semi-exclusive lanes, reducing delays caused by mixed traffic congestion.
* '''Busway Alignment:''' Buses may operate on central lanes or side lanes, depending on the specific design and objectives of the system.
* '''Off-board Fare Collection:''' Fares are paid before boarding, either at station platforms or via automated machines, to reduce dwell times at stops.
* '''Platform-level Boarding:''' Stations with platforms that align with the bus floor for easy and rapid boarding and alighting, similar to a [[train station]].
* '''High-quality Stations:''' Enhanced stations with amenities such as real-time information displays, weather protection, and security features.
* '''Advanced Bus Vehicles:''' Modern, often articulated buses equipped with features like low floors for easy boarding, cleaner engines, and sometimes, facilities for bicycles.
* '''Priority at Intersections:''' Traffic signal priority or grade separation at intersections to minimize stops and delays.

==History==
The concept of BRT was first introduced in the late 20th century, with one of the earliest and most successful examples being the [[Rede Integrada de Transporte]] in Curitiba, Brazil, launched in 1974. Since then, BRT systems have been implemented in many cities around the world, each adapting the concept to its unique urban context.

==Advantages==
BRT systems offer several advantages over traditional bus services and other forms of urban transit:
* '''Cost-effectiveness:''' Lower capital and operating costs compared to rail systems.
* '''Flexibility:''' Ability to adapt routes and services to changing urban development and passenger demand.
* '''Speed and Reliability:''' Dedicated lanes and priority at intersections improve travel times and schedule adherence.
* '''Scalability:''' Systems can be expanded and upgraded over time to accommodate growth.
* '''Environmental Benefits:''' Potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve urban air quality by shifting commuters from cars to high-capacity, efficient public transport.

==Challenges==
Despite its benefits, BRT implementation faces several challenges:
* '''Right-of-Way:''' Securing dedicated lanes in dense urban areas can be politically and financially challenging.
* '''Public Perception:''' Overcoming the stigma associated with bus transport in favor of more prestigious rail systems.
* '''Integration:''' Effectively integrating BRT with existing transport modes to create a seamless urban mobility experience.

==Examples==
Notable BRT systems around the world include:
* [[TransMilenio]] in Bogotá, Colombia
* [[Metrobüs (Istanbul)|Metrobüs]] in Istanbul, Turkey
* [[RapidKL]] in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
* [[Select Bus Service]] in New York City, USA

==Future Developments==
The future of BRT includes advancements in technology such as electric buses, autonomous driving features, and enhanced passenger information systems. Additionally, there is a growing emphasis on integrating BRT with cycling and pedestrian infrastructure to promote sustainable urban mobility.

[[Category:Public transport]]
[[Category:Bus transportation]]

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Bus rapid transit - Revision history

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