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	~~'''~~Building Science''' is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the analysis and control of the physical phenomena affecting buildings. It encompasses the principles of [[physics]], [[chemistry]], [[engineering]], [[architecture]], and [[life sciences]] to understand how buildings function and to optimize their performance. The primary goal of building science is to achieve comfortable, healthy, energy-efficient, and sustainable indoor environments while considering the impacts of buildings on the outdoor environment.		== Building Science ==

	~~==Overview==~~		[[File:Nrcc_600_c_and_load.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Diagram illustrating building science concepts]]
	~~Building science covers a wide range of topics, including [[thermal comfort]], [[indoor air quality]], [[lighting]],~~ [[~~acoustics]], and the durability of building materials~~. ~~It also involves the study of~~ building ~~envelopes (the barrier between indoor and outdoor environments), [[HVAC~~]] (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, and the integration of renewable energy sources. The field applies knowledge from various disciplines to solve complex problems related to building design, construction, maintenance, and retrofitting.

	~~==Key Concepts==~~		'''Building science''' is the collection of scientific knowledge that focuses on the analysis and control of the physical phenomena affecting buildings. It encompasses the study of the interactions between the building's components, the environment, and the occupants. Building science aims to improve the performance, durability, and sustainability of buildings.
	~~===~~Building ~~Envelope===~~
	~~The building envelope includes all~~ the ~~components~~ that ~~separate~~ the ~~interior~~ of a building ~~from~~ the ~~outdoor~~ environment~~, including walls, roofs, windows, doors~~, and ~~foundations~~. ~~A well-designed envelope controls heat flow~~, ~~air leakage~~, and ~~moisture, ensuring thermal comfort and preventing [[mold]] growth and structural damage~~.

	==~~=Thermal Comfort=~~==		== Principles of Building Science ==
	Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment. Factors affecting thermal comfort include air temperature, radiant temperature, air speed, humidity, clothing insulation, and metabolic heat. Building science aims to achieve thermal comfort for occupants with the least energy consumption.

	~~===Indoor Air Quality===~~		Building science is grounded in several key principles that guide the design and construction of buildings:
	~~Indoor air quality (IAQ) refers to~~ the ~~air quality within~~ and ~~around~~ buildings and structures, especially as it relates to the health and comfort of building occupants. IAQ can be affected by [[microbes]], gases (including [[carbon dioxide]], [[radon]], volatile organic compounds), particulates, and other pollutants. Strategies to improve IAQ include adequate ventilation, control of pollutant sources, and use of air cleaning technologies.

	===~~Energy Efficiency~~===		=== Heat Transfer ===
	Energy efficiency in buildings reduces the energy consumption and environmental impact of building operation. Building science techniques, such as proper insulation, high-performance windows, and efficient HVAC systems, can significantly reduce energy use while maintaining or improving comfort.

	~~==Applications==~~		Heat transfer in buildings occurs through conduction, convection, and radiation. Understanding these processes is crucial for designing effective [[insulation]] systems and [[HVAC]] (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems.
	~~Building science principles are applied~~ in ~~various stages of the building lifecycle, including design, construction~~, ~~operation~~, and ~~retrofitting~~. ~~In the design phase~~, ~~building simulation tools can predict the performance of different design options. During construction~~, ~~attention to detail ensures that the building envelope~~ and systems ~~function as intended. In existing buildings, building science can guide energy audits and retrofits to improve performance and extend the building's life~~.

	==~~Challenges and Future Directions~~==		=== Moisture Control ===
	The field of building science continues to evolve with advancements in materials technology, digital modeling, and sustainable design practices. One of the major challenges is the integration of new technologies into existing building practices and codes. Additionally, the need for buildings to adapt to changing climates and to minimize their environmental footprint requires ongoing research and innovation.

	==~~See Also~~==		Moisture control is essential to prevent [[mold]] growth and structural damage. Building science examines how moisture moves through building materials and how it can be managed through proper [[ventilation]] and [[waterproofing]] techniques.
	* [[~~Architectural engineering~~]]
	* [[~~Environmental engineering~~]]		=== Airflow ===
	* [[~~Sustainable design~~]]
	* [[~~Passive solar building design~~]]		Airflow affects indoor air quality and energy efficiency. Building science studies the movement of air through the building envelope and the impact of [[air sealing]] and [[ventilation]] strategies.
	* [[~~Building information modeling~~]]
			=== Building Materials ===

			The selection of [[building materials]] is critical for the performance and sustainability of a building. Building science evaluates the properties of materials, such as thermal conductivity, moisture resistance, and durability.

			== Applications of Building Science ==

			Building science is applied in various aspects of building design and construction:

			=== Energy Efficiency ===

			Improving energy efficiency is a primary goal of building science. This involves optimizing the building envelope, selecting energy-efficient systems, and utilizing renewable energy sources.

			=== Indoor Air Quality ===

			Ensuring good indoor air quality is vital for occupant health and comfort. Building science provides strategies for effective [[ventilation]] and the reduction of indoor pollutants.

			=== Sustainability ===

			Building science contributes to sustainable building practices by promoting the use of environmentally friendly materials and reducing the overall environmental impact of buildings.

			== Related Pages ==

			* [[Architecture]]
			* [[Sustainable architecture]]
			* [[Energy efficiency in buildings]]
			* [[Indoor air quality]]
			* [[Thermal insulation]]

	[[Category:Building science]]		[[Category:Building science]]
	~~[[Category:Architecture]]~~
	~~[[Category:Engineering disciplines]]~~
	~~[[Category:Sustainable building]]~~
	~~{{architecture-stub}}~~

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2024-03-17T20:19:55Z

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'''Building Science''' is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the analysis and control of the physical phenomena affecting buildings. It encompasses the principles of [[physics]], [[chemistry]], [[engineering]], [[architecture]], and [[life sciences]] to understand how buildings function and to optimize their performance. The primary goal of building science is to achieve comfortable, healthy, energy-efficient, and sustainable indoor environments while considering the impacts of buildings on the outdoor environment.

==Overview==
Building science covers a wide range of topics, including [[thermal comfort]], [[indoor air quality]], [[lighting]], [[acoustics]], and the durability of building materials. It also involves the study of building envelopes (the barrier between indoor and outdoor environments), [[HVAC]] (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, and the integration of renewable energy sources. The field applies knowledge from various disciplines to solve complex problems related to building design, construction, maintenance, and retrofitting.

==Key Concepts==
===Building Envelope===
The building envelope includes all the components that separate the interior of a building from the outdoor environment, including walls, roofs, windows, doors, and foundations. A well-designed envelope controls heat flow, air leakage, and moisture, ensuring thermal comfort and preventing [[mold]] growth and structural damage.

===Thermal Comfort===
Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment. Factors affecting thermal comfort include air temperature, radiant temperature, air speed, humidity, clothing insulation, and metabolic heat. Building science aims to achieve thermal comfort for occupants with the least energy consumption.

===Indoor Air Quality===
Indoor air quality (IAQ) refers to the air quality within and around buildings and structures, especially as it relates to the health and comfort of building occupants. IAQ can be affected by [[microbes]], gases (including [[carbon dioxide]], [[radon]], volatile organic compounds), particulates, and other pollutants. Strategies to improve IAQ include adequate ventilation, control of pollutant sources, and use of air cleaning technologies.

===Energy Efficiency===
Energy efficiency in buildings reduces the energy consumption and environmental impact of building operation. Building science techniques, such as proper insulation, high-performance windows, and efficient HVAC systems, can significantly reduce energy use while maintaining or improving comfort.

==Applications==
Building science principles are applied in various stages of the building lifecycle, including design, construction, operation, and retrofitting. In the design phase, building simulation tools can predict the performance of different design options. During construction, attention to detail ensures that the building envelope and systems function as intended. In existing buildings, building science can guide energy audits and retrofits to improve performance and extend the building's life.

==Challenges and Future Directions==
The field of building science continues to evolve with advancements in materials technology, digital modeling, and sustainable design practices. One of the major challenges is the integration of new technologies into existing building practices and codes. Additionally, the need for buildings to adapt to changing climates and to minimize their environmental footprint requires ongoing research and innovation.

==See Also==
* [[Architectural engineering]]
* [[Environmental engineering]]
* [[Sustainable design]]
* [[Passive solar building design]]
* [[Building information modeling]]

[[Category:Building science]]
[[Category:Architecture]]
[[Category:Engineering disciplines]]
[[Category:Sustainable building]]
{{architecture-stub}}

Building science - Revision history

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