Bruise - Revision history

Prab at 00:16, 27 April 2025

2025-04-27T00:16:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:16, 27 April 2025
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	\| frequency = Very common		\| frequency = Very common
	}}		}}
	~~[[File:Pferdekuss.jpg\|left\|thumb\|Bruise]]~~
	~~[[File:Bl√•m√§rken.jpg\|Bruise\|left\|thumb]]~~
	[[File:severebruise.jpg\|Severe bruise\|left\|thumb]]		[[File:severebruise.jpg\|Severe bruise\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Sprained foot.jpg\|Sprained foot\|left\|thumb]]		[[File:Sprained foot.jpg\|Sprained foot\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:US Army Vet Injury.JPG\|Bruise of army vet\|left\|thumb]]		[[File:US Army Vet Injury.JPG\|Bruise of army vet\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Black Eye 01.jpg\|Black eye\|left\|thumb]]		[[File:Black Eye 01.jpg\|Black eye\|left\|thumb]]
	~~[[File:Blaues und rotes Auge nach Fu√ütritt ins Gesicht (Ausschnitt).jpg\|Bruise\|left\|thumb]]~~
	'''Bruise''' (also known as a '''contusion''') is a common type of soft tissue injury resulting from blunt trauma. It occurs when small blood vessels (capillaries) are damaged, leading to '''blood leakage''' into the surrounding tissues. Bruises can appear on the '''skin, muscles, bones, or internal organs''', with varying degrees of severity.		'''Bruise''' (also known as a '''contusion''') is a common type of soft tissue injury resulting from blunt trauma. It occurs when small blood vessels (capillaries) are damaged, leading to '''blood leakage''' into the surrounding tissues. Bruises can appear on the '''skin, muscles, bones, or internal organs''', with varying degrees of severity.
	== Pathophysiology ==		== Pathophysiology ==

Prab: CSV import

2025-04-04T19:29:26Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:29, 4 April 2025
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	[[File:Pferdekuss.jpg\|thumb\|Bruise]]		{{SI}}
	[[File:~~Blåmärken~~.jpg\|Bruise\|thumb]]		{{Infobox medical condition
	[[File:severebruise.jpg\|Severe bruise\|thumb]]		\| name = Bruise
	[[File:Sprained foot.jpg\|Sprained foot\|thumb]]		\| image = [[File:Pferdekuss.jpg\|250px]]
	[[File:US Army Vet Injury.JPG\|Bruise of army vet\|thumb]]		\| caption = A typical bruise on the arm
	[[File:Black Eye 01.jpg\|Black eye\|thumb]]		\| synonyms = Contusion, ecchymosis
	[[File:Blaues und rotes Auge nach ~~Fußtritt~~ ins Gesicht (Ausschnitt).jpg\|Bruise\|thumb]]		\| field = [[Emergency medicine]], [[Dermatology]]
			\| symptoms = [[Skin discoloration]], [[pain]], [[swelling]]
			\| complications = [[Hematoma]], [[compartment syndrome]]
			\| onset = Sudden
			\| duration = Days to weeks
			\| causes = [[Trauma (medicine)\|Trauma]], [[blunt force]]
			\| risks = [[Coagulopathy]], [[anticoagulant]] use
			\| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[medical history]]
			\| differential = [[Fracture]], [[hematoma]], [[deep vein thrombosis]]
			\| prevention = [[Protective gear]], [[fall prevention]]
			\| treatment = [[Rest, ice, compression, and elevation\|RICE]], [[pain management]]
			\| prognosis = Generally good
			\| frequency = Very common
			}}
			[[File:Pferdekuss.jpg\|left\|thumb\|Bruise]]
			[[File:Bl√•m√§rken.jpg\|Bruise\|left\|thumb]]
			[[File:severebruise.jpg\|Severe bruise\|left\|thumb]]
			[[File:Sprained foot.jpg\|Sprained foot\|left\|thumb]]
			[[File:US Army Vet Injury.JPG\|Bruise of army vet\|left\|thumb]]
			[[File:Black Eye 01.jpg\|Black eye\|left\|thumb]]
			[[File:Blaues und rotes Auge nach Fu√ütritt ins Gesicht (Ausschnitt).jpg\|Bruise\|left\|thumb]]
	'''Bruise''' (also known as a '''contusion''') is a common type of soft tissue injury resulting from blunt trauma. It occurs when small blood vessels (capillaries) are damaged, leading to '''blood leakage''' into the surrounding tissues. Bruises can appear on the '''skin, muscles, bones, or internal organs''', with varying degrees of severity.		'''Bruise''' (also known as a '''contusion''') is a common type of soft tissue injury resulting from blunt trauma. It occurs when small blood vessels (capillaries) are damaged, leading to '''blood leakage''' into the surrounding tissues. Bruises can appear on the '''skin, muscles, bones, or internal organs''', with varying degrees of severity.

	== Pathophysiology ==		== Pathophysiology ==
	A bruise occurs due to:		A bruise occurs due to:
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	* '''Extravasation of blood''' from damaged capillaries into interstitial spaces.		* '''Extravasation of blood''' from damaged capillaries into interstitial spaces.
	* '''Inflammatory response''' involving immune cells that clear the leaked blood over time.		* '''Inflammatory response''' involving immune cells that clear the leaked blood over time.

	== Causes ==		== Causes ==
	Bruises can result from various factors, including:		Bruises can result from various factors, including:
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	* '''Nutritional deficiencies''' – '''Vitamin C (scurvy)''' and '''Vitamin K deficiency''' can lead to increased bruising.		* '''Nutritional deficiencies''' – '''Vitamin C (scurvy)''' and '''Vitamin K deficiency''' can lead to increased bruising.
	* '''Age-related factors''' – Older adults have thinner skin and more fragile capillaries, leading to easier bruising.		* '''Age-related factors''' – Older adults have thinner skin and more fragile capillaries, leading to easier bruising.

	== Clinical Presentation ==		== Clinical Presentation ==
	Bruises typically progress through the following '''color changes''' due to hemoglobin breakdown:		Bruises typically progress through the following '''color changes''' due to hemoglobin breakdown:
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	* '''Green (5-7 days)''' – Conversion of hemoglobin to '''biliverdin'''.		* '''Green (5-7 days)''' – Conversion of hemoglobin to '''biliverdin'''.
	* '''Yellow/Brown (7-14 days)''' – Final breakdown to '''bilirubin''', before reabsorption.		* '''Yellow/Brown (7-14 days)''' – Final breakdown to '''bilirubin''', before reabsorption.

	Bruises may also present with:		Bruises may also present with:
	* '''Swelling''' – Due to localized inflammation.		* '''Swelling''' – Due to localized inflammation.
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	* '''Skin discoloration''' – Depending on depth and severity.		* '''Skin discoloration''' – Depending on depth and severity.
	* '''Limited movement''' – If the bruise affects muscles or joints.		* '''Limited movement''' – If the bruise affects muscles or joints.

	== Types of Bruises ==		== Types of Bruises ==
	Bruises are classified based on '''location and severity''':		Bruises are classified based on '''location and severity''':
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	* '''[[Periosteal bruise]]''' – Affects the outer layer of bones, causing prolonged pain.		* '''[[Periosteal bruise]]''' – Affects the outer layer of bones, causing prolonged pain.
	* '''[[Hematoma]]''' – More severe form with significant blood accumulation, often forming a lump.		* '''[[Hematoma]]''' – More severe form with significant blood accumulation, often forming a lump.

	== Diagnosis ==		== Diagnosis ==
	Diagnosis is primarily '''clinical''', based on '''history and physical examination'''. Additional tests may be required in unexplained or frequent bruising:		Diagnosis is primarily '''clinical''', based on '''history and physical examination'''. Additional tests may be required in unexplained or frequent bruising:
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	* '''Coagulation tests''' – [[Prothrombin time (PT)]], [[Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)]], [[International Normalized Ratio (INR)]], and '''Factor assays''' to assess clotting function.		* '''Coagulation tests''' – [[Prothrombin time (PT)]], [[Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)]], [[International Normalized Ratio (INR)]], and '''Factor assays''' to assess clotting function.
	* '''Imaging ([[Ultrasound]] or [[MRI]])''' – In cases of deep tissue or periosteal bruises.		* '''Imaging ([[Ultrasound]] or [[MRI]])''' – In cases of deep tissue or periosteal bruises.

	== Management ==		== Management ==
	Most bruises '''resolve spontaneously'''. However, management can include:		Most bruises '''resolve spontaneously'''. However, management can include:
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	* If an '''underlying bleeding disorder''' is suspected, '''hematologic evaluation''' is necessary.		* If an '''underlying bleeding disorder''' is suspected, '''hematologic evaluation''' is necessary.
	* '''Large hematomas''' may require '''needle aspiration''' or '''surgical drainage'''.		* '''Large hematomas''' may require '''needle aspiration''' or '''surgical drainage'''.

	== Complications ==		== Complications ==
	Although most bruises heal without complications, severe cases can lead to:		Although most bruises heal without complications, severe cases can lead to:
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	* '''[[Deep vein thrombosis]] (DVT)''' – In rare cases of significant vascular injury.		* '''[[Deep vein thrombosis]] (DVT)''' – In rare cases of significant vascular injury.
	* '''Persistent ecchymosis''' – May indicate an underlying systemic disorder.		* '''Persistent ecchymosis''' – May indicate an underlying systemic disorder.

	== Prevention ==		== Prevention ==
	Preventive measures include:		Preventive measures include:
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	* '''Managing medications''' – Monitoring anticoagulant use under medical supervision.		* '''Managing medications''' – Monitoring anticoagulant use under medical supervision.
	* '''Regular medical check-ups''' – Especially for individuals with '''frequent unexplained bruising'''.		* '''Regular medical check-ups''' – Especially for individuals with '''frequent unexplained bruising'''.

	== When to Seek Medical Attention ==		== When to Seek Medical Attention ==
	Seek medical care if:		Seek medical care if:
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	* '''Pain and swelling worsen''' over time.		* '''Pain and swelling worsen''' over time.
	* '''Signs of systemic bleeding''' (nosebleeds, gum bleeding, blood in urine/stool) appear.		* '''Signs of systemic bleeding''' (nosebleeds, gum bleeding, blood in urine/stool) appear.

	== Related Conditions ==		== Related Conditions ==
	* [[Ecchymosis]] – Larger bruises covering a broader area.		* [[Ecchymosis]] – Larger bruises covering a broader area.
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	* [[Purpura]] – Widespread bruising associated with bleeding disorders.		* [[Purpura]] – Widespread bruising associated with bleeding disorders.
	* [[Hemophilia]] – Genetic clotting disorder leading to excessive bruising.		* [[Hemophilia]] – Genetic clotting disorder leading to excessive bruising.

	{{General injuries}}		{{General injuries}}
	{{Bleeding and clotting disorders\|us=y}}		{{Bleeding and clotting disorders\|us=y}}

Prab: Removed redirect to Contusion

2025-03-13T03:34:31Z

Removed redirect to Contusion

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-#REDIRECT[[Contusion]]
+[[File:Pferdekuss.jpg|thumb|Bruise]]
-<gallery>
+[[File:Blåmärken.jpg|Bruise|thumb]]
-File:Pferdekuss.jpg|Bruise
+[[File:severebruise.jpg|Severe bruise|thumb]]
-File:Blåmärken.jpg|Bruise
+[[File:Sprained foot.jpg|Sprained foot|thumb]]
-File:severebruise.jpg|Bruise
+[[File:US Army Vet Injury.JPG|Bruise of army vet|thumb]]
-File:Sprained foot.jpg|Bruise
+[[File:Black Eye 01.jpg|Black eye|thumb]]
-File:Blaues und rotes Auge nach Fußtritt ins Gesicht (Ausschnitt).jpg|Bruise
+[[File:Blaues und rotes Auge nach Fußtritt ins Gesicht (Ausschnitt).jpg|Bruise|thumb]]
-File:US Army Vet Injury.JPG|Bruise
+'''Bruise''' (also known as a '''contusion''') is a common type of soft tissue injury resulting from blunt trauma. It occurs when small blood vessels (capillaries) are damaged, leading to '''blood leakage''' into the surrounding tissues. Bruises can appear on the '''skin, muscles, bones, or internal organs''', with varying degrees of severity.
-File:Black Eye 01.jpg|Bruise
-</gallery>
+== Pathophysiology ==

Prab: CSV import

2025-02-20T01:38:51Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:38, 20 February 2025
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	#REDIRECT[[Contusion]]		#REDIRECT[[Contusion]]
			<gallery>
			File:Pferdekuss.jpg\|Bruise
			File:Blåmärken.jpg\|Bruise
			File:severebruise.jpg\|Bruise
			File:Sprained foot.jpg\|Bruise
			File:Blaues und rotes Auge nach Fußtritt ins Gesicht (Ausschnitt).jpg\|Bruise
			File:US Army Vet Injury.JPG\|Bruise
			File:Black Eye 01.jpg\|Bruise
			</gallery>

Prab: 1 revision imported

2019-10-02T01:11:53Z

1 revision imported

New page

#REDIRECT[[Contusion]]