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2024-04-19T23:06:29Z

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[[File:Banner_of_the_Qulla_Suyu.svg|Banner of the Qulla Suyu|thumb]] [[File:Himno_Nacional_de_Bolivia_instrumental.ogg|Himno Nacional de Bolivia instrumental.ogg|thumb|left]] [[File:Map_of_Wari_and_Tiawaku.svg|Map of Wari and Tiawaku|thumb|left]] [[File:Frontis_casademoneda_potosi.JPG|Frontis casademoneda potosi|thumb]] [[File:Church_in_Historic_Center_-_Sucre_-_Bolivia.jpg|Church in Historic Center - Sucre - Bolivia|thumb]] '''Bolivia''', officially known as the '''Plurinational State of Bolivia''' (''Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia'' in Spanish), is a [[country]] located in the central part of [[South America]]. It is bordered by [[Brazil]] to the north and east, [[Paraguay]] and [[Argentina]] to the south, and [[Chile]] and [[Peru]] to the west. Bolivia is one of two landlocked countries in the Americas, the other being [[Paraguay]]. Its capital is [[Sucre]], while the seat of government and executive capital is located in [[La Paz]]. The largest city and principal economic and financial center is [[Santa Cruz de la Sierra]].

== Geography ==
Bolivia's geography is diverse, ranging from the high peaks of the [[Andes]] mountains to the lowland areas of the [[Amazon Basin]]. This diversity results in a wide range of climates, from the cold, arid highland climate to the warmer, humid climates in the lowlands. Bolivia is home to several major geographical features, including [[Lake Titicaca]], the highest navigable lake in the world, and the [[Salar de Uyuni]], the largest salt flat on earth.

== History ==
The region that is now Bolivia has been inhabited for over 2,000 years, with cultures such as the [[Tiwanaku]] predating the arrival of the [[Inca Empire]]. The Spanish conquest began in the 16th century, and Bolivia became part of the [[Viceroyalty of Peru]]. The struggle for independence was led by figures such as [[Simón Bolívar]] and [[Antonio José de Sucre]], with Bolivia gaining independence in 1825. The country's post-independence history has been marked by periods of political instability, economic challenges, and social upheaval.

== Politics ==
Bolivia is a [[unitary state]] with a [[presidential system]] of government. It was established as a plurinational state in the 2009 constitution, recognizing the country's diverse ethnic and cultural groups. The [[President of Bolivia]] serves as both head of state and head of government. The [[Legislative Assembly of Bolivia]] is bicameral, consisting of the [[Chamber of Deputies (Bolivia)|Chamber of Deputies]] and the [[Chamber of Senators (Bolivia)|Chamber of Senators]].

== Economy ==
The Bolivian economy is classified as a lower middle-income economy. It is highly dependent on a range of commodities, including [[natural gas]], [[silver]], [[zinc]], and [[soybeans]]. The government has pursued policies of economic nationalism, including the nationalization of key industries. Despite these efforts, Bolivia faces challenges such as poverty, inequality, and reliance on commodity exports.

== Culture ==
Bolivia's culture is a rich tapestry that reflects the diversity of its people. It includes indigenous, Spanish, and African influences, among others. Traditional music, dance, and clothing vary significantly among the country's regions. Bolivia is known for its colorful festivals, such as the [[Carnival of Oruro]], which features a mix of indigenous and Christian traditions. The country's cuisine is as diverse as its culture, featuring dishes such as [[salteñas]], [[chuno]], and [[llama meat]].

== Demographics ==
Bolivia is a multiethnic society with a population composed of indigenous peoples, mestizos (mixed indigenous and European descent), Europeans, Asians, and Africans. Spanish is the official language, although 36 indigenous languages also have official status, reflecting the country's plurinational state.

== Environmental Issues ==
Bolivia faces several environmental challenges, including deforestation, water scarcity, and pollution. The government has made efforts to address these issues, but enforcement and funding remain challenges. The country is also vulnerable to the impacts of [[climate change]], with melting glaciers and changing weather patterns posing risks to agriculture, water resources, and biodiversity.

[[Category:South America]]
[[Category:Countries in South America]]
[[Category:Bolivia]]
{{geography-stub}}

Bolivia - Revision history

Prab: CSV import