Prab: CSV import

2025-02-18T12:16:51Z

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Prab: CSV import

2024-03-03T15:52:37Z

CSV import

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'''Boiling Point'''

The '''[[boiling point]]''' of a [[substance]] is the [[temperature]] at which it changes [[state]] from a [[liquid]] to a [[gas]] throughout the bulk of the liquid. At the boiling point, the [[vapor pressure]] of the liquid equals the [[pressure]] surrounding the liquid, enabling bubbles of vapor to form without being crushed. A substance's boiling point depends on [[pressure]] and is usually specified at standard pressure.

== Determination of Boiling Point ==

The boiling point of a liquid is typically determined using a [[simple distillation]] apparatus. The liquid is heated until it begins to [[vaporize]], and the temperature at which this occurs is recorded as the boiling point.

== Factors Affecting Boiling Point ==

Several factors can affect the boiling point of a substance. These include:

* '''[[Pressure]]''': The boiling point of a liquid decreases with decreasing pressure. This is why water boils at a lower temperature at higher altitudes, where the atmospheric pressure is lower.

* '''[[Impurities]]''': The presence of non-volatile impurities such as salts or other solutes can elevate the boiling point of a liquid, a phenomenon known as [[boiling point elevation]].

* '''[[Intermolecular forces]]''': Stronger intermolecular forces result in higher boiling points. For example, [[hydrogen bonding]] results in a higher boiling point because it requires more energy to break these bonds during vaporization.

== Applications of Boiling Point ==

The boiling point has several practical applications. It is used in [[distillation]] processes to separate components of a liquid mixture. It is also used to identify substances, as each pure substance has a unique boiling point at a given pressure.

== See Also ==

* [[Melting point]]
* [[Freezing point]]
* [[Phase transition]]
* [[Vapor pressure]]

[[Category:Physical quantities]]
[[Category:Thermodynamics]]
[[Category:Phase transitions]]
{{thermodynamics-stub}}

Boiling point - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import