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			File:Bipyridine Isomers.png\|Bipyridine Isomers
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'''Bipyridine‏‎''' is an [[organic compound]] with the chemical formula (C₅H₄N)₂. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents. Bipyridine is a bidentate [[ligand]] that is widely used in [[coordination chemistry]]. It has two pyridine rings connected by a single bond. The molecule is planar and belongs to the point group D₂h. Bipyridine and its derivatives are used as ligands in many [[transition metal]] complexes.

The most common derivatives of bipyridine include 2,2'-bipyridine (often abbreviated as bipy or bpy), which is the simplest member of the bipyridine family, and 4,4'-bipyridine. These compounds are important in the field of [[inorganic chemistry]] for the synthesis of coordination complexes, due to their ability to donate two electrons to a metal center through the nitrogen atoms present in the pyridine rings.

Bipyridine complexes have been extensively studied for their [[electronic properties]], [[catalysis|catalytic activities]], and potential applications in [[materials science]], [[photovoltaics]], and as components in [[molecular electronics]]. For example, complexes containing bipyridine ligands are used in the Grätzel cell, a type of [[solar cell]], for the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy.

In addition to its applications in coordination chemistry, bipyridine is also used as a building block in [[supramolecular chemistry]] for the construction of more complex molecular architectures through hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and metal coordination interactions.

== Synthesis ==
Bipyridine is synthesized through the dehydrogenation of pyridine, usually using a metal catalyst such as [[nickel]] or [[palladium]]. The reaction involves the formation of a carbon-carbon bond between two pyridine molecules.

== Applications ==
### Coordination Chemistry ###
Bipyridine ligands form stable complexes with most transition metals. These complexes are involved in various catalytic processes, including the [[oxidation]] and [[reduction]] reactions that are fundamental to [[electrochemistry]] and [[photochemistry]].

### Materials Science ###
In materials science, bipyridine complexes are studied for their optical and electronic properties, making them potential candidates for use in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), solar cells, and molecular electronics.

### Supramolecular Chemistry ###
Bipyridine derivatives are used as building blocks in supramolecular chemistry to create complex structures with specific functions, such as molecular recognition, self-assembly, and the construction of molecular machines.

== Safety ==
Bipyridine is considered to be moderately toxic. It should be handled with care, using appropriate safety precautions to avoid ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact.

[[Category:Organic compounds]]
[[Category:Ligands]]
[[Category:Coordination chemistry]]
[[Category:Supramolecular chemistry]]

Bipyridine - Revision history

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