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	'''Bannock''' is a type of [[bread]] that originates from the [[~~United Kingdom~~]] ~~but has become popular in various forms around the world~~, particularly in [[Canada]] and the [[United States]], ~~where it is often associated with [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas\|Indigenous peoples]]. This versatile~~ bread can be baked, fried, ~~or cooked over an open fire~~, ~~making it~~ a staple food in many ~~cultures due to its simplicity and the minimal ingredients required~~ for ~~its preparation~~.		'''Bannock''' is a type of bread that originates from the [[Indigenous peoples of North America\|Indigenous peoples]] of North America, particularly those in Canada and the United States. It is a simple, flat bread that can be baked or fried, and is made from a variety of grain flours, predominantly wheat. Bannock is known for its versatility and has been a staple food for many indigenous communities for centuries.

	==History==		==History==
	The ~~term "~~bannock~~" is derived from the Latin word ''panniculus'', which was adapted into the Old English ''bannuc''. Historically~~, bannock ~~was made primarily from barley or oats in Scotland~~ and ~~northern England~~. ~~When bannock was introduced to North America~~ by ~~Scottish explorers~~ and ~~fur~~ traders~~, Indigenous peoples adopted it, incorporating corn~~, which ~~was not available in Europe, and other local ingredients~~.		The history of bannock dates back to before European contact, with evidence suggesting that indigenous peoples made forms of bannock using locally sourced grains and nuts. However, the version known today has been influenced significantly by European settlers. The introduction of wheat flour and baking powder by traders and settlers transformed the traditional recipes, which originally used cornmeal or ground plant roots.

	==Ingredients and Preparation==		==Ingredients and Preparation==
	~~Traditional~~ bannock ~~recipes call for simple ingredients:~~ flour ~~([[wheat flour\|wheat]]~~, ~~[[oatmeal]]~~, ~~or barley)~~, water, ~~some form of~~ fat (~~[[butter]], [[~~lard~~]],~~ or ~~vegetable oil~~), and ~~a leavening agent (often [[baking powder]]). Indigenous versions of bannock, sometimes referred~~ to ~~as "frybread," might also include [[cornmeal]] or incorporate local ingredients and techniques~~.		The basic ingredients for bannock include flour, baking powder, salt, and water. Some recipes may include sugar, fat (such as lard or butter), and milk to enrich the dough. The dough can be prepared by mixing the dry ingredients with the wet ingredients to form a thick batter or dough. This can then be shaped into rounds or flattened into a pan and either baked in an oven, cooked on a stovetop, or traditionally, fried over an open fire.

	The dough ~~is typically shaped into flat cakes and~~ can be ~~cooked in various ways:~~
	* '''Fried Bannock:''' The most common method among Indigenous peoples in North America, where the dough ~~is fried in oil until it puffs up~~ and ~~turns golden brown.~~
	* '''Baked Bannock:''' A method more traditional to the Scottish origins of the bread, where it is baked in an oven.
	* '''Fire Bannock:''' Cooking the dough on a ~~stick~~ over an open fire~~, popular in outdoor and wilderness settings~~.

	==Cultural Significance==		==Cultural Significance==
	Bannock holds a significant ~~place in both the historical and contemporary culinary traditions of the peoples who make it~~. ~~In Scotland~~, it is ~~part of the traditional [[Hogmanay]] (New Year~~'s~~) celebration. Among Indigenous peoples in North America, bannock has become a symbol~~ of ~~resilience and adaptation, representing~~ a ~~blend of traditional Indigenous foods~~ and ~~ingredients introduced by Europeans~~.		Bannock holds significant cultural importance among many indigenous groups. It is often made during gatherings, ceremonies, and festivals as a communal food that is shared among participants. Bannock's simplicity and the communal process of making it are seen as a way to connect with cultural heritage and community members.

	==~~Nutritional Information~~==		==Variations==
	~~While~~ bannock ~~is a source of carbohydrates and can provide energy quickly~~, ~~its nutritional value varies depending on~~ the ~~ingredients used. Traditional recipes~~, which ~~may include whole grains and minimal sugar~~, ~~can offer more fiber and nutrients than versions~~ made with ~~refined flour and added sugars~~.		There are numerous regional variations of bannock. For example, the [[Métis people\|Métis]] of Canada have their own version called "Métis bannock" or "Red River Bannock," which is often made with rendered pork fat to add flavor. In some regions, bannock is made with additions like dried fruits, nuts, or spices to enhance its flavor.

	==~~Contemporary Variations~~==		==Modern Usage==
	Today, bannock is ~~enjoyed~~ in ~~many forms and variations~~, ~~reflecting the diverse cultures that have adopted~~ and adapted ~~it. From savory versions that~~ include ~~herbs~~ and ~~cheese~~ to ~~sweet versions served with jam or honey, bannock remains a versatile and beloved food~~.		Today, bannock remains a popular food among indigenous and non-indigenous people alike. It is often featured in Canadian culinary contexts, especially within tourist and cultural heritage sites. Bannock has also adapted to modern tastes and diets, with recipes varying to include whole grain flours and alternative ingredients to cater to health-conscious individuals.

	==See Also==		==See Also==
			* [[Indigenous cuisine of the Americas]]
	* [[Flatbread]]		* [[Flatbread]]
	* [[Frybread]]		* [[Frybread]]
	* [[Indigenous cuisine of the Americas]]

			[[Category:Indigenous cuisine of the Americas]]
			[[Category:Canadian cuisine]]
	[[Category:Breads]]		[[Category:Breads]]
	~~[[Category:Indigenous cuisine of the Americas]]~~
	~~[[Category:Scottish cuisine]]~~

	{{food-stub}}		{{food-stub}}

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2024-03-22T01:56:51Z

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'''Bannock''' is a type of [[bread]] that originates from the [[United Kingdom]] but has become popular in various forms around the world, particularly in [[Canada]] and the [[United States]], where it is often associated with [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Indigenous peoples]]. This versatile bread can be baked, fried, or cooked over an open fire, making it a staple food in many cultures due to its simplicity and the minimal ingredients required for its preparation.

==History==
The term "bannock" is derived from the Latin word ''panniculus'', which was adapted into the Old English ''bannuc''. Historically, bannock was made primarily from barley or oats in Scotland and northern England. When bannock was introduced to North America by Scottish explorers and fur traders, Indigenous peoples adopted it, incorporating corn, which was not available in Europe, and other local ingredients.

==Ingredients and Preparation==
Traditional bannock recipes call for simple ingredients: flour ([[wheat flour|wheat]], [[oatmeal]], or barley), water, some form of fat ([[butter]], [[lard]], or vegetable oil), and a leavening agent (often [[baking powder]]). Indigenous versions of bannock, sometimes referred to as "frybread," might also include [[cornmeal]] or incorporate local ingredients and techniques.

The dough is typically shaped into flat cakes and can be cooked in various ways:
* '''Fried Bannock:''' The most common method among Indigenous peoples in North America, where the dough is fried in oil until it puffs up and turns golden brown.
* '''Baked Bannock:''' A method more traditional to the Scottish origins of the bread, where it is baked in an oven.
* '''Fire Bannock:''' Cooking the dough on a stick over an open fire, popular in outdoor and wilderness settings.

==Cultural Significance==
Bannock holds a significant place in both the historical and contemporary culinary traditions of the peoples who make it. In Scotland, it is part of the traditional [[Hogmanay]] (New Year's) celebration. Among Indigenous peoples in North America, bannock has become a symbol of resilience and adaptation, representing a blend of traditional Indigenous foods and ingredients introduced by Europeans.

==Nutritional Information==
While bannock is a source of carbohydrates and can provide energy quickly, its nutritional value varies depending on the ingredients used. Traditional recipes, which may include whole grains and minimal sugar, can offer more fiber and nutrients than versions made with refined flour and added sugars.

==Contemporary Variations==
Today, bannock is enjoyed in many forms and variations, reflecting the diverse cultures that have adopted and adapted it. From savory versions that include herbs and cheese to sweet versions served with jam or honey, bannock remains a versatile and beloved food.

==See Also==
* [[Flatbread]]
* [[Frybread]]
* [[Indigenous cuisine of the Americas]]

[[Category:Breads]]
[[Category:Indigenous cuisine of the Americas]]
[[Category:Scottish cuisine]]

{{food-stub}}

Bannock - Revision history

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