Prab at 19:02, 16 March 2025

2025-03-16T19:02:36Z

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{{Short description|Mobile operating system developed by Google}}
{{Infobox OS
| name = Android
| logo = Android logo 2019.svg
| logo_size = 150px
| screenshot = Android 12 homescreen.png
| caption = Android 12 homescreen
| developer = [[Google]]
| family = [[Unix-like]]
| working_state = Current
| source_model = [[Open-source software|Open source]] (with [[proprietary software|proprietary]] components)
| released = {{Start date and age|2008|09|23}}
| latest_release_version = Android 12
| latest_release_date = {{Start date and age|2021|10|04}}
| marketing_target = [[Smartphone]], [[Tablet computer|tablet]], [[Wearable computer|wearable]], [[Automotive navigation system|automotive]], [[Television set|TV]]
| language = [[Multilingual]]
| package_manager = [[Google Play]], [[APK (file format)|APK]]
| supported_platforms = [[ARM architecture|ARM]], [[x86]], [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]]
| kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Linux kernel]])
| userland = [[Bionic (software)|Bionic]], [[Toybox]], [[ART (software)|ART]]
| ui = [[Graphical user interface|Graphical]]
| license = [[Apache License|Apache 2.0]], [[GNU General Public License|GPLv2]]
| preceded_by = [[Android Inc.]]
| website = [https://www.android.com/ android.com]
}}

'''Android''' is a [[mobile operating system]] based on a modified version of the [[Linux kernel]] and other [[open source]] software, designed primarily for [[touchscreen]] [[mobile devices]] such as [[smartphones]] and [[tablet computers]]. Android is developed by a consortium of developers known as the [[Open Handset Alliance]], with the main contributor and commercial marketer being [[Google]].

== History ==
Android was unveiled in 2007, with the first commercial Android device, the [[HTC Dream]], being launched in September 2008. The operating system has since gone through multiple major releases, with the latest version being Android 12, released in October 2021.

== Features ==
Android's user interface is mainly based on direct manipulation, using touch gestures that loosely correspond to real-world actions, such as swiping, tapping, pinching, and reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects. Internal hardware such as [[accelerometers]], [[gyroscopes]], and [[proximity sensors]] are used by some applications to respond to additional user actions, for example adjusting the screen from portrait to landscape depending on how the device is oriented.

=== Applications ===
Android has a large community of developers writing applications ("apps") that extend the functionality of the devices. Developers write primarily in a customized version of the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] language. There are over three million apps available for Android in the [[Google Play]] store.

=== Security ===
Android's security features include a robust [[sandbox (computer security)|sandboxing]] model, [[application permissions]], and [[encryption]]. Google also provides regular security updates to the operating system.

== Versions ==
Android versions are released under a [[code name]] and are in alphabetical order. Some of the notable versions include:
* [[Android Cupcake]]
* [[Android Donut]]
* [[Android Eclair]]
* [[Android Froyo]]
* [[Android Gingerbread]]
* [[Android Honeycomb]]
* [[Android Ice Cream Sandwich]]
* [[Android Jelly Bean]]
* [[Android KitKat]]
* [[Android Lollipop]]
* [[Android Marshmallow]]
* [[Android Nougat]]
* [[Android Oreo]]
* [[Android Pie]]
* [[Android 10]]
* [[Android 11]]
* [[Android 12]]

== Market Share ==
Android is the most widely used mobile operating system in the world, with a significant market share in many countries. It is particularly dominant in regions such as [[Asia]], [[South America]], and [[Africa]].

== See Also ==
* [[Google Play]]
* [[Open Handset Alliance]]
* [[Linux kernel]]
* [[Mobile operating system]]
* [[Smartphone]]
* [[Tablet computer]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External Links ==
{{Commons category|Android (operating system)}}
{{Wikibooks|Android}}
{{Wikiversity|Android}}
{{Wikivoyage|Android}}

[[Category:Android (operating system)]]
[[Category:Google software]]
[[Category:Mobile operating systems]]
[[Category:Linux-based operating systems]]
[[Category:2008 software]]
[[Category:Smartphones]]

{{Operating-system-stub}}

Android - Revision history

Prab at 19:02, 16 March 2025

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import