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'''Anatomy murder''' refers to the act of murdering individuals for the purpose of selling their bodies or body parts for anatomical study and dissection. This practice was particularly prevalent in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the demand for cadavers for medical education and research far exceeded the legal supply. The most infamous examples of anatomy murder occurred in the United Kingdom, with the cases of [[Burke and Hare]] and the [[London Burkers]], who killed to sell bodies to anatomists.

==Background==
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the study of anatomy was crucial for medical students and professionals to understand the human body. However, the supply of legally obtained cadavers, which were typically the bodies of executed criminals, was insufficient to meet the demand. This scarcity led to the emergence of body snatching and anatomy murder as means to obtain bodies.

==Notable Cases==
===Burke and Hare===
The most notorious case involved [[William Burke]] and [[William Hare]], who murdered at least 16 people in 1828 in Edinburgh, Scotland, and sold their bodies to Dr. [[Robert Knox]], an anatomy lecturer. Their method of killing, which involved suffocating victims to leave the bodies undamaged, became known as "burking".

===London Burkers===
Similarly, the London Burkers were a gang of body snatchers active in London who turned to murder to supply bodies to anatomists. Their name was derived from Burke and Hare's method of killing, and they were responsible for several murders in the early 1830s.

==Legal and Social Impact==
The public outrage and moral panic generated by these cases led to significant legal reforms. In the United Kingdom, the [[Anatomy Act 1832]] was passed, which allowed for the legal donation of bodies to medical science, significantly reducing the demand for bodies obtained through illicit means.

==Modern Relevance==
While anatomy murder is largely a historical phenomenon, the ethical issues surrounding the use of human bodies for medical research remain relevant. Modern laws and ethical guidelines ensure the respectful and consensual use of donated bodies for medical education and research.

==See Also==
* [[Body snatching]]
* [[History of anatomy]]
* [[Medical ethics]]

[[Category:History of medicine]]
[[Category:Criminal law]]
[[Category:Anatomy]]

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