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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:IPA_Unicode_0x1DF24.svg|thumb|IPA Unicode 0x1DF24]] [[File:IPA_Unicode_0x1DF1F.svg|thumb|IPA Unicode 0x1DF1F|left]] [[File:IPA_Unicode_0x1DF22.svg|thumb|IPA Unicode 0x1DF22]] [[File:IPA_Unicode_0x1DF20.svg|thumb|IPA Unicode 0x1DF20]] [[File:IPA_Unicode_0x1DF23.svg|thumb|IPA Unicode 0x1DF23]] [[File:IPA_Unicode_0x1DF21.svg|thumb|IPA Unicode 0x1DF21]] {{Short description|Consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative}}<br />
{{Linguistics}}<br />
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An '''affricate''' is a [[consonant]] that begins as a [[stop consonant|stop]] and releases as a [[fricative]], generally with the same place of articulation (most often [[coronal consonant|coronal]]). Affricates are often represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar, such as [t͡ʃ] for the [[voiceless postalveolar affricate]] in English "ch" as in "chicken".<br />
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==Characteristics==<br />
Affricates are distinguished from simple stops and fricatives by their manner of articulation. The stop component involves a complete closure of the vocal tract, which is then released into a fricative, where the closure is only partial, allowing air to pass through and create turbulence. This combination of a stop and a fricative in rapid succession is what characterizes an affricate.<br />
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==Examples in Languages==<br />
Affricates are found in many of the world's languages. Some common examples include:<br />
* [[English language|English]]: [t͡ʃ] as in "chicken" and [d͡ʒ] as in "judge".<br />
* [[German language|German]]: [t͡s] as in "Zeit" (time).<br />
* [[Mandarin Chinese]]: [t͡ɕ] as in "鸡" (chicken).<br />
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==Phonetic Representation==<br />
In the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA), affricates are typically represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar. For example:<br />
* [t͡ʃ] - voiceless postalveolar affricate<br />
* [d͡ʒ] - voiced postalveolar affricate<br />
* [t͡s] - voiceless alveolar affricate<br />
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==Classification==<br />
Affricates can be classified based on their place of articulation and voicing:<br />
* [[Voiceless consonant|Voiceless]] affricates: [t͡ʃ], [t͡s]<br />
* [[Voiced consonant|Voiced]] affricates: [d͡ʒ], [d͡z]<br />
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==Related Concepts==<br />
* [[Stop consonant]]<br />
* [[Fricative consonant]]<br />
* [[Manner of articulation]]<br />
* [[Place of articulation]]<br />
* [[Phonetics]]<br />
* [[Phonology]]<br />
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==See Also==<br />
* [[Consonant]]<br />
* [[International Phonetic Alphabet]]<br />
* [[Phoneme]]<br />
* [[Allophone]]<br />
* [[Sibilant]]<br />
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[[Category:Phonetics]]<br />
[[Category:Phonology]]<br />
[[Category:Consonants]]<br />
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{{Linguistics-stub}}</div>Prab