Editing Elisa

'''Elisa''' (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a popular [[laboratory]] technique used in [[immunology]]. It is used to detect the presence of an [[antibody]] or an [[antigen]] in a sample. The ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in medicine and plant pathology, as well as a quality-control check in various industries.

== History ==

The ELISA was first developed in the early 1970s by two separate research groups: one led by [[Peter Perlmann]] and [[Eva Engvall]] at Stockholm University in Sweden, and the other by [[Anton Schuurs]] and [[Bauke van Weemen]] in The Netherlands.

== Procedure ==

The ELISA involves an [[enzyme]] (a protein that catalyzes a biochemical reaction). It also involves an [[antibody]] or [[antigen]] (immunologic molecules) which are linked to an appropriate enzyme. The enzyme can react with a colorless substrate to produce a colored reaction product. The color change shows that the antigen or the antibody is present.

== Types of ELISA ==

There are four major types of ELISA:

* Direct ELISA
* Indirect ELISA
* Sandwich ELISA
* Competitive ELISA

Each type of ELISA has its advantages and disadvantages. The choice of which to use depends on the specifics of the situation.

== Applications ==

ELISA is used in both diagnostic and research settings. In diagnostics, it is used to detect infectious diseases, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. In research, it is used to measure protein concentrations in samples.

== See Also ==

* [[Immunology]]
* [[Antibody]]
* [[Antigen]]
* [[Enzyme]]

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Medical Tests]]
[[Category:Immunology]]
[[Category:Biochemistry]]
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