Editing 1812–1819 Ottoman plague epidemic (section)

==Response and Measures==
The Ottoman authorities, recognizing the severity of the epidemic, implemented several measures to control its spread. These included the establishment of quarantine facilities, restrictions on movement, and the fumigation of affected areas. The empire also sought the expertise of European physicians, who brought with them more advanced medical knowledge, including the practice of vaccination, which was beginning to be recognized as a means of preventing certain diseases.