Sussex

Historic county in South East England

The traditional rapes of Sussex

Location of Sussex in the British Isles

Sussex is a historic county in South East England that has played a significant role in the history of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by Kent to the east, Surrey to the north, Hampshire to the west, and the English Channel to the south. The county is known for its rich history, diverse landscapes, and cultural heritage.

History

Prehistoric and Roman Sussex

The history of Sussex dates back to prehistoric times, with evidence of human habitation from the Paleolithic era. The region was later inhabited by the Celtic Britons before becoming part of the Roman Empire. The Romans established several settlements in Sussex, including the important town of Noviomagus Reginorum, now known as Chichester.

Model of the Roman palace at Fishbourne

One of the most significant Roman sites in Sussex is the Fishbourne Roman Palace, which is believed to have been a luxurious residence for a high-ranking official.

Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Sussex

Following the departure of the Romans, Sussex became part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the South Saxons, from which it derives its name. The kingdom was established in the 5th century and played a crucial role in the early medieval period.

The kingdom of Sussex in the context of other British kingdoms around 800 AD

During the Norman Conquest of 1066, Sussex was the site of the pivotal Battle of Hastings, which led to the establishment of Norman rule in England.

Modern History

In the modern era, Sussex has been divided into the ceremonial counties of East Sussex and West Sussex. The region has seen significant development, particularly in the coastal areas, which have become popular tourist destinations.

Geography

Sussex is characterized by its diverse landscapes, including the rolling hills of the South Downs, the fertile plains of the Weald, and the dramatic cliffs of the Seven Sisters.

The iconic Seven Sisters cliffs

The county's geography has influenced its development, with agriculture playing a significant role in its economy.

Culture and Heritage

Sussex has a rich cultural heritage, with numerous historic sites, castles, and churches. The county is also known for its traditional music, dance, and festivals.

The Harold Stone, a historic landmark in Sussex

The Sussex dialect and local customs have been preserved in many rural areas, contributing to the county's unique identity.

Flora and Fauna

The natural environment of Sussex supports a wide variety of flora and fauna. The county is home to several nature reserves and protected areas.

Round-headed rampion, a flower native to Sussex

The South Downs National Park is a significant area for conservation and outdoor recreation.

Related pages

• East Sussex
• West Sussex
• Battle of Hastings
• South Downs