RLS

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations. It most commonly affects the legs, but can also affect the arms, torso, head, and even phantom limbs. Moving the affected body part modulates the sensations, providing temporary relief.

Symptoms

RLS sensations range from pain or an aching in the muscles, to "an itch you can't scratch", a "buzzing sensation", an unpleasant "tickle that won't stop", a "crawling" feeling, or limbs jerking while awake. The sensations typically begin or intensify during quiet wakefulness, such as when relaxing, reading, studying, or trying to sleep. Additionally, most individuals with RLS have periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD).

Causes

The cause of RLS is unknown in most patients. However, it is known to be hereditary in some cases. It has been associated with iron deficiency, Parkinson's disease, kidney failure, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and pregnancy.

Treatment

Treatment of RLS should not be considered until possible medical causes are ruled out. Secondary causes may include iron deficiency, anemia, or pregnancy. Treatment of RLS is targeted at easing symptoms. In those with mild to moderate symptoms, lifestyle changes, such as beginning a regular exercise program, establishing regular sleep patterns, and elimination of alcohol and caffeine, are recommended.

See also

• Periodic limb movement disorder
• Sleep disorder
• Insomnia
• Sleep paralysis

External links

• Restless Legs Syndrome Foundation
• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

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