Pine

Pine is a type of coniferous tree that belongs to the family Pinaceae. There are about 120 species of pine worldwide, and they are native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. Pines are evergreen, with a lifespan ranging from 100 to 1,000 years, and some even live longer.

Description

Pines are evergreen trees that typically reach heights of 15–45 m (50–150 ft), but some species can grow taller. They have a characteristic shape, with a straight, tall trunk and a crown of branches at the top. The bark of most pines is thick and scaly, but some species have thin, flaky bark.

The leaves of pines, known as needles, are arranged in bundles called fascicles. The number of needles in a fascicle is an important characteristic for identifying different species of pine.

Pines produce cones that contain the seeds. The cones have scales that open to release the seeds when they are mature. The seeds are often winged, which helps them disperse in the wind.

Uses

Pines have many uses. Their wood is used for construction, furniture, and paper production. The resin is used in the production of turpentine and other chemicals. Pine nuts, the seeds of certain species, are edible and used in cooking. Some species are also used for landscaping and as Christmas trees.

Ecology

Pines play an important role in their ecosystems. They provide habitat for many species of birds and mammals. Their needles, when they fall to the ground, help to acidify the soil, which can influence the types of plants that can grow in the area.

See also

• List of pine species
• Pine forest
• Pine furniture
• Pine nuts

References

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