Intervertebral disc

Intervertebral disc is a fibrocartilaginous structure found between the vertebrae of the spine. It acts as a shock absorber and allows for movement in the spine. The intervertebral disc is composed of two parts: the outer annulus fibrosus and the inner nucleus pulposus.

Structure

The annulus fibrosus is the outer part of the intervertebral disc. It is composed of several layers of fibrocartilage. The annulus fibrosus provides strength and flexibility to the disc.

The nucleus pulposus is the inner part of the intervertebral disc. It is a gel-like substance that provides cushioning and shock absorption. The nucleus pulposus is composed of water, collagen, and proteoglycans.

Function

The intervertebral disc has several important functions. It acts as a shock absorber, absorbing the impact of the body's movements. It also allows for movement in the spine, including bending and twisting.

Diseases and Disorders

There are several diseases and disorders that can affect the intervertebral disc. These include:

Disc herniation: This occurs when the nucleus pulposus pushes out through a tear in the annulus fibrosus. This can cause pain, numbness, or weakness in the area of the body served by the affected nerves.
Degenerative disc disease: This is a condition in which the intervertebral discs break down over time, often due to aging. This can lead to pain and reduced function.
Discitis: This is an infection in the intervertebral disc, often caused by bacteria or fungi.

Treatment

Treatment for intervertebral disc disorders depends on the specific condition and its severity. Options may include physical therapy, medication, and in some cases, surgery.

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