Glucose-galactose malabsorption

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Glucose-galactose malabsorption
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Severe diarrhea, dehydration, failure to thrive
Complications	N/A
Onset	Infancy
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Mutations in the SLC5A1 gene
Risks	Family history of the condition
Diagnosis	Genetic testing, hydrogen breath test
Differential diagnosis	Lactose intolerance, fructose malabsorption
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Glucose and galactose-free diet
Medication	None specific
Prognosis	Good with dietary management
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Glucose-galactose malabsorption is a rare genetic metabolic disorder characterized by the body's inability to properly absorb glucose and galactose from the gut. The condition is caused by mutations in the SLC5A1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.

Symptoms

The symptoms of glucose-galactose malabsorption typically become apparent in the first few weeks of life. These may include severe diarrhea, dehydration, failure to thrive, and malnutrition. If untreated, the condition can lead to life-threatening complications.

Causes

Glucose-galactose malabsorption is caused by mutations in the SLC5A1 gene. This gene provides instructions for producing a protein that is involved in the absorption of glucose and galactose in the intestines. Mutations in the SLC5A1 gene disrupt the function of this protein, preventing the absorption of these sugars and leading to the symptoms of glucose-galactose malabsorption.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of glucose-galactose malabsorption is typically made based on the presence of characteristic symptoms, a detailed patient history, a thorough clinical evaluation, and specialized tests. These tests may include a stool analysis to detect the presence of glucose, and a biopsy of the small intestine to examine the cells that absorb nutrients.

Treatment

The treatment of glucose-galactose malabsorption involves a specialized diet that is free of glucose and galactose. This diet allows for the proper absorption of other nutrients and helps to alleviate the symptoms of the condition. In some cases, medications may be used to manage symptoms.

Prognosis

With early diagnosis and appropriate dietary management, individuals with glucose-galactose malabsorption can lead healthy lives. However, without treatment, the condition can lead to severe malnutrition and life-threatening complications.

See also

• SLC5A1
• Glucose
• Galactose
• Metabolic disorder
• Genetic disorder

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