ALB

ALB or Albumin is a protein that is produced by the liver. It is the most abundant protein in the blood plasma and plays a crucial role in maintaining the osmotic pressure that helps in the transport of molecules, including hormones, drugs, and fatty acids, across the blood vessels.

Structure

Albumin is a globular protein that is soluble in water and monomeric. The human version of albumin is 585 amino acids long and has a molecular weight of approximately 66.5 kilodaltons.

Function

Albumin plays a vital role in maintaining the oncotic pressure of the blood. It binds to water, cations (such as calcium, sodium, and potassium), and fatty acids and transports them through the blood. Albumin also binds to bilirubin, a waste product from the breakdown of red blood cells, and aids in its excretion.

Clinical significance

Low levels of albumin in the blood, a condition known as hypoalbuminemia, can be indicative of several medical conditions, including liver disease, kidney disease, and malnutrition. Conversely, high levels of albumin, or hyperalbuminemia, can be caused by severe dehydration.

See also

• Protein (nutrient)
• Blood plasma
• Liver
• Kidney disease
• Malnutrition