Xanthoma

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Xanthoma

Xanthoma (pronounced: zan-tho-ma) is a condition characterized by the formation of yellowish growths, or nodules, under the skin. These growths are caused by the accumulation of fat, particularly cholesterol and triglycerides, in certain types of cells in the body.

Etymology

The term "Xanthoma" is derived from the Greek words "xanthos" meaning yellow, and "-oma" indicating a tumor or growth.

Types of Xanthoma

There are several types of xanthomas, each associated with specific areas of the body and certain medical conditions. These include:

  • Xanthelasma: These are xanthomas that appear on the eyelids. They are often associated with high cholesterol levels.
  • Tendinous Xanthoma: These are xanthomas that form on the tendons, particularly the Achilles tendon. They are often associated with familial hypercholesterolemia.
  • Eruptive Xanthoma: These are small, reddish-yellow bumps that appear suddenly on the skin, particularly the buttocks, shoulders, and extremities. They are often associated with high triglyceride levels.
  • Tuberoeruptive Xanthoma: These are xanthomas that appear on the elbows and knees. They are often associated with high cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Causes

Xanthomas are often a symptom of underlying medical conditions that cause high levels of fats in the blood. These conditions include:

  • Hyperlipidemia: This is a condition characterized by high levels of fats in the blood.
  • Hypercholesterolemia: This is a condition characterized by high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
  • Diabetes: This is a condition that affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels, which can lead to high levels of fats in the blood.

Treatment

Treatment for xanthomas typically involves addressing the underlying medical condition causing the high levels of fats in the blood. This may involve dietary changes, medication, or in some cases, surgery.

External links

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