X linked
X-linked
X-linked (/eksˈlɪŋkt/), also known as X-linked inheritance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the phenotype to be expressed in males (who are necessarily hemizygous for the gene mutation because they have one X and one Y chromosome) and in females who are homozygous for the gene mutation.
Etymology
The term "X-linked" is derived from the fact that the gene causing the trait or disorder is located on the X chromosome. The X chromosome, along with the Y chromosome, is one of the two sex chromosomes in humans. The term "linked" refers to the fact that the gene is attached, or linked, to a specific chromosome.
Related Terms
- Allele: One of two or more versions of a gene that are found at the same place on a chromosome.
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Gene: A unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
- Homozygous: Having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes.
- Hemizygous: Having only a single copy of a gene instead of the customary two copies.
- Mutation: The changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations.
- Phenotype: The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
- Sex chromosome: A chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on X linked
- Wikipedia's article - X linked
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