Vinca alkaloids

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Vinca Alkaloids

Vinca alkaloids (pronunciation: /ˈvɪŋkə ælˈkælɔɪdz/) are a set of anti-mitotic and anti-microtubule alkaloid agents originally derived from the periwinkle plant Catharanthus roseus (basionym Vinca rosea) and other vinca plants.

Etymology

The term "vinca" is derived from the Latin name for the periwinkle plant, Vinca, and "alkaloid" is derived from the Arabic word "al-qali" meaning plant ashes, referring to the original method of alkaloid extraction.

Classification

Vinca alkaloids are classified as chemotherapeutic agents and are used in the treatment of various types of cancer. They are divided into two groups: the vinca alkaloids and the semi-synthetic vinca alkaloids. The former includes vincristine and vinblastine, while the latter includes vinorelbine and vindesine.

Mechanism of Action

Vinca alkaloids work by inhibiting the ability of cancer cells to divide and multiply. They bind to a protein called tubulin, which is essential for the formation of the microtubules that make up the cell's skeleton. By preventing the formation of these microtubules, vinca alkaloids prevent the cancer cells from dividing and multiplying.

Side Effects

Common side effects of vinca alkaloids include neutropenia, anemia, constipation, nausea, and neuropathy. Severe side effects can include neurotoxicity, sepsis, and death.

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