Valproate
Valproate
Valproate (pronounced val-PRO-ate), also known as valproic acid, is a medication primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and to prevent migraine headaches. It is available in oral, intravenous and rectal forms.
Pronunciation
Valproate is pronounced as "val-PRO-ate".
Etymology
The term "Valproate" is derived from valeric acid and propanoic acid. The name "valproic acid" comes from the Latin word valeriana, referring to the plant genus Valeriana, and propanoic acid, a three-carbon carboxylic acid.
Usage
Valproate is used in the treatment of various types of seizure disorders, including epilepsy. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder and to prevent migraine headaches.
Related Terms
- Epilepsy: A neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
- Bipolar disorder: A disorder associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs.
- Migraine: A type of headache characterized by recurrent attacks of severe pain, often on one side of the head, and sometimes accompanied by nausea or visual disturbances.
- Seizure: A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain, which can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings, and levels of consciousness.
Side Effects
Common side effects of valproate include nausea, vomiting, sleepiness, and a dry mouth. Serious side effects can include liver problems and regular monitoring of liver function tests is therefore recommended. Other serious risks include pancreatitis and an increased suicide risk.
Precautions
Valproate should not be used in people with liver or pancreatic disease. It should also not be used in women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant unless specifically recommended by a healthcare provider.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Valproate
- Wikipedia's article - Valproate
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