Valine

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Valine

Valine (pronounced: /ˈvæliːn/, /ˈveɪliːn/) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH3+ form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain isopropyl variable group, making it a non-polar aliphatic amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it and it must be obtained from the diet.

Etymology

The term "Valine" comes from the Latin word valere, which means "to be strong". This is in reference to the essential nature of this amino acid in human health and development.

Related Terms

  • Amino Acid: Organic compounds that combine to form proteins. Amino acids and proteins are fundamental components of life.
  • Protein: Large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
  • Biosynthesis: An enzyme-catalyzed process in cells of living organisms by which substrates are converted to more complex products.
  • Isopropyl: A type of chemical group derived from propene.
  • Essential Amino Acid: Amino acids that cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from food.

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