Vaginal flora
Vaginal flora
Vaginal flora (pronounced: /væˈdʒaɪnəl ˈflɔːrə/) refers to the community of microorganisms that colonize the vagina. The vaginal flora is a complex ecosystem that changes throughout life, from birth to menopause. The composition of this microbial community is influenced by various factors, including age, hormonal changes, sexual activity, and hygiene practices.
Etymology
The term "vaginal flora" is derived from the Latin words "vagina," meaning sheath or scabbard, and "flora," meaning flower. The term is used to describe the microbial 'blossoming' within the vagina.
Composition
The vaginal flora is composed of a variety of microorganisms. The dominant group of bacteria in the vagina of healthy, reproductive-age women is the Lactobacillus species, which suppress pathogens by producing lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and other substances. Other common microorganisms include Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Candida species.
Function
The vaginal flora plays a crucial role in protecting the vagina and the upper reproductive tract from harmful microorganisms. It maintains the acidic pH of the vagina, which helps to prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria and yeast. The vaginal flora also contributes to the local immune response.
Related Terms
- Dysbiosis: A disruption in the normal balance of vaginal flora, often resulting in conditions such as bacterial vaginosis or yeast infections.
- Probiotics: Live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Some probiotics are used to restore or maintain a healthy vaginal flora.
- Prebiotics: Substances that induce the growth or activity of beneficial microorganisms, such as those found in the vaginal flora.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Vaginal flora
- Wikipedia's article - Vaginal flora
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