Transient neonatal diabetes

Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (TNDM)

Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (TNDM), pronounced as /trænziənt niːəˈneɪtəl ˈdaɪəbiːtiːz ˈmɛlɪtəs/, is a rare form of diabetes that affects newborns and usually disappears by the age of one year, but has a tendency to reoccur later in life.

Etymology

The term "Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus" is derived from the Latin words "transiens" meaning "passing over", "neonatus" meaning "newborn", and the Greek word "diabetes" meaning "siphon", and "mellitus" meaning "sweet as honey". This refers to the temporary nature of the condition in newborns and the high sugar levels characteristic of diabetes.

Symptoms

The symptoms of TNDM include hyperglycemia, dehydration, polyuria, and weight loss. These symptoms are caused by the body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels.

Causes

TNDM is caused by abnormalities in the imprinted region of chromosome 6q24. Three mechanisms have been identified: paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6, duplication of the paternal 6q24 region, and methylation defects at the maternal 6q24 locus.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of TNDM is based on the clinical symptoms and confirmed by genetic testing. The genetic testing can identify the specific genetic abnormalities causing the condition.

Treatment

Treatment for TNDM involves managing blood sugar levels with insulin therapy. Once the condition resolves, treatment is typically discontinued, but blood sugar levels are monitored as the condition can reoccur.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Transient neonatal diabetes
Wikipedia's article - Transient neonatal diabetes

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Transient neonatal diabetes