Transcriptome

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Transcriptome

The Transcriptome (/trænˈskrɪptoʊm/) refers to the complete set of RNA molecules, including mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, and other non-coding RNA produced by the genome at any one time.

Etymology

The term "Transcriptome" is a portmanteau of "transcript" and "genome". The word "transcript" is derived from Latin 'transcribere' meaning 'to copy', and "genome" from the Greek 'genoma' meaning 'something that is produced'.

Definition

The transcriptome represents the set of all RNA molecules, or 'transcripts', produced in one or a population of cells. The transcriptome varies with the cell type, stage of development, environmental conditions, or disease state.

Related Terms

  • Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
  • Proteome: The entire set of proteins expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism at a certain time.
  • Metabolome: The complete set of small-molecule chemicals found within a biological sample.
  • RNA sequencing: A technology-based methodology used to analyze the transcriptome.

Applications

Transcriptome studies can be used to identify genes that are differentially expressed in distinct cell populations, or in response to different treatments. This can provide valuable information about the functional elements of the genome, the responsiveness of genes to internal and external environmental factors, and the molecular mechanisms underlying various diseases.

See Also

External links

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